ABSTRACT: Recent research suggests that the characteristics of precipitation, particularly extremes and variability, are changing with a warming global climate. This study demonstrates a budding approach to analyzing the temporal uniformity of precipitation using daily data for the Mid-Atlantic region of the eastern United States over the period 1950 to 2017. The Gini coefficient (GC) assesses the equity of a distribution of an accumulated quantity across individual contributors. In this study, the GC characterizes the equity with which daily precipitation events contributed to seasonal and annual precipitation amounts through the study period. The Lorenz asymmetry coefficient (LAC) expresses the relative magnitude of precipitation events (heavy, light) that were primarily responsible for instances of inequity. Time series analysis of precipitation amount, wet-day frequency, wet-day GC values, and wet-day LAC values for each of 158 stations within the Mid-Atlantic region and for the region as a whole reveal ongoing change in the hydroclimate. Over the 68 yr study period, the region experienced increases in annual precipitation amount and wet-day frequency, while precipitation became less evenly distributed across precipitation events. The results suggest that extreme precipitation events are becoming more prevalent. Heavier and lighter events are increasing at the expense of moderate events.

中文翻译：

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1950-2017年美国中大西洋地区降水时间分布均匀性变化

摘要：最近的研究表明，随着全球气候变暖，降水的特征，特别是极端和多变性。这项研究证明了一种使用1950年至2017年期间美国东部中大西洋地区每日数据分析降水时间均匀性的萌芽方法。基尼系数（GC）评估累积量分布的公平性跨各个贡献者。在这项研究中，GC表征了整个研究期间每日降水事件对季节和年度降水量的贡献的公平性。洛伦兹不对称系数（LAC）表示降水事件（强，轻）的相对大小，这主要是造成不平等现象的原因。对大西洋中部地区和整个地区的158个站点中每个站点的降水量，湿天频率，湿天GC值和湿天LAC值进行时间序列分析，揭示了水气候的持续变化。在68年的研究期内，该地区的年降水量和湿日频率增加，而降水在各降水事件中的分布变得不太均匀。结果表明极端降水事件正变得越来越普遍。较重和较轻的事件以中等事件为代价而增加。该地区的年降水量和湿日频率增加，而降水在各降水事件中的分布变得不太均匀。结果表明极端降水事件正变得越来越普遍。较重和较轻的事件以中等事件为代价而增加。该地区的年降水量和湿日频率增加，而降水在各降水事件中的分布变得不太均匀。结果表明极端降水事件正变得越来越普遍。较重和较轻的事件以中等事件为代价而增加。