ABSTRACT: In the Baltic Sea, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss is the most common species used in marine aquaculture, but further increase in production is problematic due to environmental legal regulations, especially in the coastal zone. A solution could be to place the fish farms offshore and use mussel mitigation cultures to extract nutrients released from the fish farms. We used 3D ecological modeling to identify suitable locations for mussel mitigation cultures in relation to nutrient pollution from a fish farm in the inner Danish waters. The model results showed that potential mussel harvest depended on the food flux following a saturation curve with a maximum yield of 2100 to 2600 t wet weight and then stabilized at around 2100 to 2600 t wet weight of mussels. A single mussel farm (36 ha) can potentially remove 17-31% of the released nitrogen from the fish farm. Mussel farms located inside or a few km outside the coastal areas receiving the highest nutrient inputs from the fish farm were found to be the most suitable among the tested sites. In contrast, co-location with the fish farm was not advisable due to the negative benthic impact below the farms. However, it is up to the managers to decide which positive and negative effects should receive the most attention, given the present need for protection of water bodies and habitats and in relation to other activities in the area. This study demonstrates that modeling can support management decisions with respect to site selection of aquaculture and provide the needed data on far-field and local environmental effects from integrated aquaculture.

中文翻译：

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贻贝减缓养殖的现场选择与鱼类养殖的有效营养补偿有关

摘要：在波罗的海，虹鳟鱼Oncorhynchus mykiss是海洋水产养殖中最常见的物种，但由于环境法律法规，特别是在沿海地区，进一步增加产量是有问题的。一种解决方案可能是将养鱼场置于海上，并使用贻贝缓解养殖来提取养鱼场释放的营养。我们使用3D生态建模来确定与丹麦内水域养鱼场养分污染有关的贻贝减缓养殖的合适地点。模型结果表明，贻贝的潜在收获取决于饱和度曲线下的食物通量，最大产量为2100至2600吨湿重，然后稳定在2100至2600吨湿重附近。一个贻贝养殖场（36公顷）可以潜在地去除鱼场释放的氮的17-31％。在沿海地区内或以外几公里处的贻贝养殖场中，从鱼类养殖场获得最高养分投入的被发现是最适合的测试地点。相反，不建议与养鱼场共处一处，因为养鱼场下方的底栖受到负面影响。但是，鉴于目前需要保护水体和栖息地以及与该地区的其他活动有关，应由管理者决定最应该关注哪些正面和负面影响。这项研究表明，建模可以支持有关水产养殖场址选择的管理决策，并提供有关综合水产养殖远场和当地环境影响的所需数据。