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Macropods, feral goats, sheep and cattle: 1. Equivalency in how much they eat
Rangeland Journal ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-11 , DOI: 10.1071/rj19044
Lester Pahl

The extent to which goats and cattle eat equivalent amounts of forage as sheep has been based on their maintenance energy requirements (MERs) relative to a 50 kg wether or dry ewe, known as a dry sheep equivalent (DSE). As such, a 50 kg goat was considered 1 DSE and a 450 kg steer as 7–8 DSE. In comparison, the DSE of macropods has been based on their basal metabolic rate (BMR) or energy expenditure of grazing (EEg) relative to those of sheep, with a 50 kg macropod thought to be 0.7 and 0.45 DSE respectively. Based on published energy requirements of goats, macropods and cattle relative to sheep, their DSE values are estimated to be 1.2, 1.0 and 7.6 respectively. However, relative energy requirements may not be the same as relative dry matter intakes (DMIs), due to differences in forage quality, the structure of digestive tracts and selective foraging capabilities. Allometric equations that predict DMI were developed from published liveweights and intakes of sheep, goats, macropods and cattle. Given DMIs when fed high-quality forage, a 50 kg goat was 1 DSE, a 50 kg macropod was 0.7 DSE and a 450 kg steer was 7.6 DSE. Their DMIs were depressed by 35–50% when fed low-quality forage, but a goat remained as 1 DSE, macropods increased to 1.0 DSE and cattle increased to 8.3 DSE. The capacity of macropods to maintain relatively higher DMIs of low-quality forage than sheep is probably due of their faster digesta passage rates and more expandable stomachs. These DMIs of animals provided ad-libitum quantities of similar forages in small pens are likely to differ from their DMIs when selectively grazing heterogeneous rangeland pastures. Under these conditions, sheep select higher-quality diets than cattle, and kangaroos select higher-quality diets than sheep, which increase the relative DMIs of the smaller herbivores. For this reason, a 50 kg macropod is likely to be 1 DSE and consume twice as much forage than previously assumed.



中文翻译:

巨足动物,野山羊,绵羊和牛:1.食用量相等

山羊和牛与绵羊吃同等数量的草料的程度已经基于它们相对于50公斤的干态母羊或干母羊的维持能量需求(MER)来确定,称为干绵羊当量(DSE)。因此,一只50公斤的山羊被视为1 DSE,而一只450公斤的ste牛被视为7-8 DSE。相比之下,巨足类动物的DSE是基于它们的基础代谢率(BMR)或放牧的能量消耗(EE g)(相对于绵羊)而言,一只50公斤大脚怪分别被认为是0.7和0.45 DSE。根据已公布的山羊,大脚怪和牛相对于绵羊的能量需求,估计它们的DSE值分别为1.2、1.0和7.6。但是,由于饲料质量,消化道结构和选择性觅食能力的差异,相对能量需求可能与相对干物质摄入量(DMI)不同。预测DMI的异速方程是根据已公布的活重和绵羊,山羊,大脚怪和牛的摄入量得出的。给定饲喂高品质饲草的DMI,50公斤山羊为1 DSE,50公斤大脚架为0.7 DSE,而450公斤ste牛皮为7.6 DSE。当饲喂劣质草料时,它们的DMI降低了35%至50%,但山羊仍为1 DSE,大脚怪增加至1。0 DSE,牛增加到8.3 DSE。与绵羊相比,巨足动物维持相对较高的劣质饲料DMI的能力可能是由于它们更快的消化通过率和更可扩张的胃。这些动物的DMI提供了随意放养的小圈中类似牧草的数量,有选择地放牧异质牧场牧场时,它们的DMI可能与它们的DMI不同。在这些条件下,绵羊选择的饮食质量要比牛高,袋鼠选择的饮食质量要比绵羊高,这会增加较小草食动物的相对DMI。因此,一个50千克的大脚架可能是1 DSE,消耗的草料比以前假定的多一倍。与绵羊相比,巨足动物维持相对较高的劣质饲料DMI的能力可能是由于它们更快的消化通过率和更可扩张的胃。这些动物的DMI提供了随意放养的小圈中类似牧草的数量,有选择地放牧异质牧场牧场时,它们的DMI可能与它们的DMI不同。在这些条件下,绵羊选择的饮食质量要比牛高,袋鼠选择的饮食质量要比绵羊高,这会增加较小草食动物的相对DMI。因此,一个50千克的大脚架可能是1 DSE,消耗的草料比以前假定的多一倍。与绵羊相比,巨足动物维持相对较高的劣质饲料DMI的能力可能是由于它们更快的消化通过率和更可扩张的胃。这些动物的DMI提供了随意放养的小圈中类似牧草的数量,有选择地放牧异质牧场牧场时,它们的DMI可能与它们的DMI不同。在这些条件下,绵羊选择的饮食质量要比牛高,袋鼠选择的饮食质量要比绵羊高,这会增加较小草食动物的相对DMI。因此,一个50千克的大脚架可能是1 DSE,消耗的草料比以前假定的多一倍。这些动物的DMI提供了随意放养的小圈中类似牧草的数量,有选择地放牧异质牧场牧场时,它们的DMI可能与它们的DMI不同。在这些条件下,绵羊选择的饮食质量要比牛高,袋鼠选择的饮食质量要比绵羊高,这会增加较小草食动物的相对DMI。因此,一个50千克的大脚架可能是1 DSE,消耗的草料比以前假定的多一倍。这些动物的DMI提供了随意放养的小圈中类似牧草的数量,有选择地放牧异质牧场牧场时,它们的DMI可能与它们的DMI不同。在这些条件下,绵羊选择的饮食质量要比牛高,袋鼠选择的饮食质量要比绵羊高,这会增加较小草食动物的相对DMI。因此,一个50千克的大脚架可能是1 DSE,消耗的草料比以前假定的多一倍。

更新日期:2020-02-11
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