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Estimating local slope in the time-frequency domain: Velocity-independent seismic imaging in the near surface
Geophysics ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-28 , DOI: 10.1190/geo2019-0753.1
Matthew P. Griffiths 1 , André J.-M. Pugin 2 , Dariush Motazedian 3
Affiliation  

Seismic reflection processing for multicomponent data is very time consuming. To automatically streamline and shorten this process, a new approach for estimating the local event slope (local static shift) in the time-frequency domain is proposed and tested. The seismic event slope is determined by comparing the local phase content of Stockwell transformed signals. This calculation allows for noninterfering arrivals to be aligned by iteratively correcting trace by trace. Alternatively, the calculation can be used in a velocity-independent imaging framework with the possibility of exporting the determined time and velocities for each common midpoint gather, which leads to a more robust moveout correction. Synthetic models are used to test the robustness of the calculation and compare it directly to an existing method of local slope estimation. Compared to dynamic time warping, our method is more robust to noise but less robust to large time shifts, which limits our method to shorter geophone spacing. We apply the calculation to near-surface shear-wave data and compare it directly to semblance/normal-moveout processing. Examples demonstrate that the calculation yields an accurate local slope estimate and can produce sections of better or equal quality to sections processed using the conventional approach with much less user time input. It also serves as a first example of velocity-independent processing applied to near-surface reflection data.

中文翻译:

在时频域中估计局部坡度:近地表中与速度无关的地震成像

多分量数据的地震反射处理非常耗时。为了自动精简并缩短此过程,提出并测试了一种在时频域中估计局部事件斜率(局部静态位移)的新方法。地震事件斜率是通过比较Stockwell变换信号的局部相位含量来确定的。该计算允许通过逐迹线迭代地校正迹线来对齐非干扰到达。可替代地,该计算可以在与速度无关的成像框架中使用,并且有可能导出每个公共中点聚集的确定的时间和速度,这导致更稳健的时差校正。综合模型用于测试计算的鲁棒性,并将其直接与现有的局部斜率估计方法进行比较。与动态时间扭曲相比,我们的方法对噪声更鲁棒,但对大时移则不那么鲁棒,这将我们的方法限制为更短的检波器间距。我们将计算结果应用于近地表剪切波数据,并将其直接与相似/法向位移处理进行比较。实例表明,该计算可以得出准确的局部斜率估计值,并且可以产生质量与使用常规方法处理的断面更好或相等的断面,而用户输入的时间却少得多。它还用作应用于近表面反射数据的速度无关处理的第一个示例。我们将计算结果应用于近地表剪切波数据,并将其直接与相似/法向位移处理进行比较。实例表明,该计算可以得出准确的局部斜率估计值,并且可以产生质量与使用常规方法处理的断面更好或相等的断面,而用户输入的时间却少得多。它还用作应用于近表面反射数据的速度无关处理的第一个示例。我们将计算结果应用于近地表剪切波数据,并将其直接与相似/法向位移处理进行比较。实例表明,该计算可以得出准确的局部斜率估计值,并且可以产生质量与使用常规方法处理的断面更好或相等的断面,而用户输入的时间却少得多。它还用作应用于近表面反射数据的速度无关处理的第一个示例。
更新日期:2020-08-20
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