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Source potential and reservoir characterization of the Cambay Shale, Cambay Basin, India: Implications for tight gas and tight oil resource development
AAPG Bulletin ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 , DOI: 10.1306/03162017174
Mateen Hafiz , Naveen Hakhoo , Ghulam M. Bhat , Sudeep Kanungo , Bindra Thusu , Jonathan Craig , Waquar Ahmed

New organic–geochemical investigations of the Eocene Cambay Shale (Cambay Basin, India) from five wells and an open-cast lignite mine reveal that the total organic carbon ranges from 0.37 to 10.68 wt. %, with an average of 2.43 wt. %. The pseudo–Van Krevelen diagram, hydrogen index versus the maximum pyrolysis yield temperature (Tmax) crossplot, and the visual kerogen assessment of the Cambay Shale indicate the dominance of type III kerogen, with some well samples showing mixed type III and II kerogen. The vitrinite reflectance values range between 0.46% and 0.7%, with Tmax values ranging from 387°C to 441°C and are consistent with an immature to early oil generation stage. The dominance of vitrinite macerals and high pristane–phytane (Pr/Ph) ratios (>6) of the well samples indicate an oxic to dysoxic depositional environment, whereas the presence of Botryococcus braunii and low Pr/Ph ratios (<1) in the lignite mine samples suggesting a more reducing brackish water environment. The estimation of hydrocarbons generation, expulsion, and retention data suggest a low retention of 10%–12% of generated hydrocarbons within the Cambay Shale. The mineralogical data show an abundance of clay minerals (average 62.9%), implying poor to moderate mineral brittleness index. The kerogen type and maturity level along with the high clay content and poor to moderate brittleness indicate low fracability, thereby restricting the production potential of the Cambay Shale for tight gas or tight oil exploration.

中文翻译:

印度坎贝盆地坎贝页岩的源潜力和储层特征:对致密气和致密油资源开发的影响

来自五口井和一个露天褐煤矿的始新世坎贝页岩(印度坎贝盆地)的新有机地球化学研究表明,总有机碳的范围为 0.37 至 10.68 重量%。%,平均为 2.43 wt。%。伪范克雷维伦图、氢指数与最大热解产率 (Tmax) 交会图以及坎贝页岩的目视干酪根评估表明 III 型干酪根占主导地位,一些井样显示混合型 III 型和 II 型干酪根。镜质体反射率值介于 0.46% 至 0.7% 之间,Tmax 值介于 387°C 至 441°C 之间,与未成熟至早期生油阶段一致。井样的镜质体和高原始烷-植烷 (Pr/Ph) 比 (>6) 的优势表明有氧到缺氧的沉积环境,而褐煤矿样品中布氏葡萄球菌的存在和低 Pr/Ph 比 (<1) 表明微咸水环境更具还原性。对碳氢化合物生成、排出和保留数据的估计表明,Cambay 页岩中生成的碳氢化合物的保留率较低,仅为 10%–12%。矿物学数据显示粘土矿物含量丰富(平均 62.9%),这意味着矿物脆性指数较差至中等。干酪根类型和成熟度以及高粘土含量和较差至中等脆性表明可压性低,从而限制了 Cambay 页岩致密气或致密油勘探的生产潜力。排出和保留数据表明,Cambay 页岩中生成的碳氢化合物的保留率较低,仅为 10%–12%。矿物学数据显示粘土矿物含量丰富(平均 62.9%),这意味着矿物脆性指数较差至中等。干酪根类型和成熟度以及高粘土含量和较差至中等脆性表明可压性低,从而限制了 Cambay 页岩致密气或致密油勘探的生产潜力。排出和保留数据表明,Cambay 页岩中生成的碳氢化合物的保留率较低,仅为 10%–12%。矿物学数据显示粘土矿物含量丰富(平均 62.9%),这意味着矿物脆性指数较差至中等。干酪根类型和成熟度以及高粘土含量和较差至中等脆性表明可压性低,从而限制了 Cambay 页岩致密气或致密油勘探的生产潜力。
更新日期:2020-08-01
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