The review summarizes the publications, available at the time it was written, addressing the chemical and biological processes that occur in the human body upon exposure to coronaviruses, in particular SARS-CoV-2. The mechanisms of viral particle entry into the cell, viral replication and impact on the immune system and on oxygen transport system are considered. The causes behind complications of the viral infection, such as vasculitis, thrombosis, cytokine storm and lung fibrosis, are discussed. The latest research in the field of small molecule medications to counteract the virus is surveyed. Molecular targets and possible vectors to exploit them are considered. The review is primarily written for specialists who want to understand the chains of activation, replication, action and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2. Due to the short period of such studies, the data on complexes of small molecule compounds with possible protein targets are not numerous, but they will be useful in the search and synthesis of new potentially effective drugs.

The bibliography includes 144 references.

该评论总结了撰写本文时可获得的出版物，这些出版物涉及人体在接触冠状病毒（特别是 SARS-CoV-2）时发生的化学和生物过程。考虑了病毒颗粒进入细胞、病毒复制以及对免疫系统和氧转运系统的影响的机制。讨论了病毒感染并发症的原因，如血管炎、血栓形成、细胞因子风暴和肺纤维化。调查了对抗病毒的小分子药物领域的最新研究。考虑了分子靶标和利用它们的可能载体。该评论主要是为希望了解 SARS-CoV-2 的激活、复制、作用和抑制链的专家编写的。由于此类研究时间较短，

参考书目包括 144 篇参考文献。