Abstract: Prosthesis-associated infections and aseptic loosening are major causes of implant failure. There is an urgent need to improve the antibacterial ability and osseointegration of orthopedic implants. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are a common type of zinc-containing metal oxide nanoparticles that have been widely studied in many fields, such as food packaging, pollution treatment, and biomedicine. The ZnO-NPs have low toxicity and good biological functions, as well as antibacterial, anticancer, and osteogenic capabilities. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs can be easily obtained through various methods. Among them, green preparation methods can improve the bioactivity of ZnO-NPs and strengthen their potential application in the biological field. This review discusses the antibacterial abilities of ZnO-NPs, including mechanisms and influencing factors. The toxicity and shortcomings of anticancer applications are summarized. Furthermore, osteogenic mechanisms and synergy with other materials are introduced. Green preparation methods are also briefly reviewed.

Keywords: antibacterial property, composite material, orthopedic implant, osteogenic activity, zinc oxide nanoparticles


中文翻译：

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增强 ZnO-NP 在骨科应用中的抗菌和成骨特性：综述。

摘要：假体相关感染和无菌性松动是种植体失败的主要原因。迫切需要提高骨科植入物的抗菌能力和骨整合能力。氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO-NPs）是一种常见的含锌金属氧化物纳米粒子，在食品包装、污染处理和生物医学等许多领域得到了广泛的研究。ZnO-NPs具有低毒性和良好的生物学功能，以及抗菌、抗癌和成骨能力。此外，ZnO-NPs可以通过多种方法轻松获得。其中，绿色制备方法可以提高ZnO-NPs的生物活性，增强其在生物领域的潜在应用。本文讨论了 ZnO-NPs 的抗菌能力，包括机制和影响因素。总结了抗癌应用的毒性和缺点。此外，还介绍了成骨机制以及与其他材料的协同作用。还简要回顾了绿色制备方法。

关键词:抗菌性能, 复合材料, 骨科植入物, 成骨活性, 氧化锌纳米粒子