The fundamental physical phenomena occurring during the process of laser cutting are still only slightly understood, and thus the need to develop mathematical and numerical models to optimize the process parameters has become unavoidable for obtaining products with superior quality and for better use. It is in this context that we propose a new approach by building a model to study the laser cutting process, by including several physical mechanisms which interact during the cutting process, such as the laser–metal interaction (wavelength effect, energy absorption, …), the phase change (solidification/fusion), the heat transfers, the fluid flows with influence of the free surface, the turbulent gas jets, and the kerf formation. In view of the complexity of the phenomena put into action, the fundamental mechanisms related to the cutting process are very difficult to understand and then to model. It is indeed necessary to take into account all of the aforementioned interactions, avoiding excessive simplifications and simulation loss of accuracy. The models found in the literature are often simplified and focus on effects such as assisting gas contribution used to evacuate the molten metal film, considered as forces applied to the gas–material interface, which is likely to neutralize given interactions. In these conditions, after highlighting most of the interactions that are involved, we provide a generalized model which accounts for laser absorption, phase transition, heat transfer, fluid flow, kerf formation, and assisting gas jet flow. In other works, each of these contributions has been considered separately, while in this paper, we make an attempt to combine all of them within a single general model that is likely to account for the physical reality of the laser cutting process.

中文翻译：

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激光切割过程准完全模型的数值模拟方法

在激光切割过程中发生的基本物理现象仍然只有很少的了解，因此，为了获得优质产品并更好地使用，开发数学和数值模型以优化工艺参数的需求已成为不可避免。正是在这种情况下，我们提出了一种新的方法，即通过建立模型来研究激光切割过程，其中包括几种在切割过程中相互作用的物理机制，例如激光与金属的相互作用（波长效应，能量吸收等）。 ，相变（凝固/融合），热传递，流体在自由表面，湍流射流和切缝形成的影响下流动。鉴于付诸行动的复杂性，与切割过程相关的基本机理很难理解，无法建模。确实有必要考虑所有上述相互作用，避免过度简化和仿真精度下降。文献中发现的模型通常被简化，并着重于诸如协助气体贡献以排出熔融金属膜等作用，这些作用被认为是作用于气-料界面的力，可能会抵消给定的相互作用。在这些情况下，在突出显示了所涉及的大多数相互作用之后，我们提供了一个通用模型，该模型考虑了激光吸收，相变，传热，流体流动，切​​缝形成和辅助气体射流。在其他作品中，每种贡献都被分别考虑了，