The nuclear shell model has been perhaps the most important conceptual and computational paradigm for the understanding of the structure of atomic nuclei. While the shell model has been predominantly used in a phenomenological context, there have been efforts stretching back over a half century to derive shell model parameters based on a realistic interaction between nucleons. More recently, several ab initio many-body methods---in particular many-body perturbation theory, the no-core shell model, the in-medium similarity renormalization group, and coupled cluster theory---have developed the capability to provide effective shell model Hamiltonians. We provide an update on the status of these methods and investigate the connections between them and potential strengths and weaknesses, with a particular focus on the in-medium similarity renormalization group approach. Three-body forces are demonstrated to be an important ingredient in understanding the modifications needed in phenomenological treatments. We then review some applications of these methods to comparisons with recent experimental measurements, and conclude with some remaining challenges in ab initio shell model theory.

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核壳模型的非经验相互作用：更新

核壳模型可能是理解原子核结构的最重要的概念和计算范式。虽然壳模型主要用于现象学背景，但半个多世纪以来，人们一直在努力根据核子之间的真实相互作用推导出壳模型参数。最近，几种从头算多体方法——特别是多体微扰理论、无核壳模型、介质内相似重整化群和耦合聚类理论——已经发展出提供有效的能力。壳模型哈密顿量。我们提供有关这些方法状态的最新信息，并调查它们与潜在优势和劣势之间的联系，特别关注介质内相似性重整化组方法。三体力被证明是理解现象学治疗所需的修改的重要组成部分。然后我们回顾了这些方法的一些应用，以与最近的实验测量进行比较，并总结了 ab initio shell 模型理论中的一些剩余挑战。