Abstract. Flood hazard is increasing in frequency and magnitude in major South East Asian metropolitan areas due to fast urban development and changes in climate, threatening people's property and life. Typically, flood management actions are mostly focused on large-scale defences, such as river embankments or discharge channels or tunnels. However, these are difficult to implement in town centres without affecting the value of their heritage districts and might not provide sufficient mitigation. Therefore, urban heritage buildings may become vulnerable to flood events, even when they were originally designed and built with intrinsic resilient measures, based on the local knowledge of the natural environment and its threats at the time. Their aesthetic and cultural and economic values mean that they can represent a proportionally high contribution to losses in any event. Hence it is worth investigating more localized, tailored mitigation measures. Vulnerability assessment studies are essential to inform the feasibility and development of such strategies. In this study we propose a multilevel methodology to assess the flood vulnerability and risk of residential buildings in an area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, characterized by traditional timber housing. The multiscale flood vulnerability model is based on a wide range of parameters, covering building-specific parameters, neighbourhood conditions and catchment area conditions. The obtained vulnerability index shows the ability to reflect different exposure by different building types and their relative locations. The vulnerability model is combined with high-resolution fluvial and pluvial flood maps providing scenario events with 0.1 % annual exceedance probability (AEP). A damage function of generic applicability is developed to compute the economic losses at individual building and sample levels. The study provides evidence that results obtained for a small district can be scaled up to the city level, to inform both generic and specific protection strategies.

中文翻译：

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马来西亚吉隆坡某遗产区城市传统建筑的洪水脆弱性与风险评估

摘要。由于城市的快速发展和气候的变化，东南亚主要大都市地区的洪水灾害频率和规模都在增加，威胁着人们的财产和生命。通常，洪水管理行动主要集中在大规模防御上，例如河堤或排放渠道或隧道。然而，这些措施很难在城镇中心实施而不影响其遗产区的价值，并且可能无法提供足够的缓解措施。因此，城市遗产建筑可能容易受到洪水事件的影响，即使它们最初是根据当地对自然环境及其威胁的了解而设计和建造的，采用了内在的弹性措施。它们的审美、文化和经济价值意味着它们在任何情况下都可以对损失做出成比例的高贡献。因此，值得研究更本地化、量身定制的缓解措施。脆弱性评估研究对于告知此类战略的可行性和发展至关重要。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种多层次方法来评估马来西亚吉隆坡地区住宅建筑的洪水脆弱性和风险，该地区以传统木屋为特征。多尺度洪水脆弱性模型基于广泛的参数，涵盖特定建筑物的参数、邻域条件和集水区条件。获得的脆弱性指数显示了不同建筑类型及其相对位置反映不同暴露的能力。脆弱性模型与高分辨率河流和洪水洪水地图相结合，提供了每年超过 0.1% 的概率 (AEP) 的情景事件。开发了通用适用性的损坏函数来计算单个建筑物和样本级别的经济损失。该研究提供的证据表明，从一个小地区获得的结果可以扩大到城市层面，为通用和特定保护策略提供信息。