Abstract A modern approach to nuclear energy involves reprocessing like transmutations of spent nuclear fuel products to reduce their radiotoxicity and time needed for their storage. For this purpose, they are immobilized in inert matrices made of zirconia and can be "burned" in fast neutron reactor or Accelerator Driven System. These matrices in spherical form can be obtained by sol-gel process. The paper presents a method of microspheres fabrication based on the combined Complex Sol-Gel Process and Double Extraction Process consisting in the preparation of zirconium-ascorbate sol and simultaneous extraction of water and nitrates. The procedure allows obtaining gel microspheres with a diameter of 50 μm, which after heat treatment are processed into the final product. The synthesis of zirconia microspheres with Yttrium by internal gelation process is well known for over a decade now. However, the explanation and characterization of synthesis of such material by extraction of water process is rarely found. Parameters such as: pH, viscosity, shape, sphericity and crystal structure have been determined for synthesized products and semi-products. In addition, preliminary research consisting in irradiation of the obtained materials in fast and thermal neutron flux was carried out. The obtained results are presented and described in this work.

中文翻译：

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氧化钇或氧化钙稳定的立方二氧化锆微球的初步中子辐照双萃取法制备

摘要 核能的现代方法涉及后处理，如乏核燃料产品的嬗变，以减少其放射性毒性和储存所需的时间。为此，它们被固定在由氧化锆制成的惰性基质中，并且可以在快中子反应堆或加速器驱动系统中“燃烧”。这些球形基质可以通过溶胶-凝胶工艺获得。本文提出了一种基于溶胶-凝胶复合工艺和双萃取工艺相结合的微球制备方法，包括制备抗坏血酸锆溶胶并同时萃取水和硝酸盐。该程序允许获得直径为 50 μm 的凝胶微球，经过热处理后加工成最终产品。通过内部凝胶化工艺合成氧化锆微球和钇已经十多年了。然而，很少发现通过提取水工艺合成此类材料的解释和表征。已确定合成产品和半成品的 pH、粘度、形状、球形度和晶体结构等参数。此外，还进行了包括在快中子流和热中子流中辐照所得材料的初步研究。获得的结果在这项工作中进行了介绍和描述。已确定合成产品和半产品的球形度和晶体结构。此外，还进行了包括在快中子流和热中子流中辐照所得材料的初步研究。获得的结果在这项工作中进行了介绍和描述。已确定合成产品和半产品的球形度和晶体结构。此外，还进行了包括在快中子流和热中子流中辐照所得材料的初步研究。获得的结果在这项工作中进行了介绍和描述。