Precision agriculture technologies (PATs) are promoted as part of both economically efficient and environmentally sustainable agriculture practices. Available PATs are generally classified into two groups; namely, embodied-knowledge and information-intensive PATs. Adoption levels of embodied-knowledge PATs are high relative to information-intensive PATs. Previous studies on the adoption of PATs do not differentiate between embodied-knowledge and information-intensive PATs. Additionally, most studies focus on the adoption of one or two of the available PATs rather than on adoption intensity—defined as the total number of individual PATs adopted. This study fills this gap in the literature by focusing on PAT adoption in general, and adoption intensity of embodied-knowledge and information-intensive PATs in particular. The study uses data from 198 farm-operator respondents in eastern South Dakota from a 2017 survey and employs descriptive statistics and probit and Poisson regression models for the analyses. As per the study, GPS guidance, yield monitor, and automatic section control systems are the most popular PATs, each with adoption rates of over 50%. Overall, findings from the study show that the effect of cropland size, producers’ perceptions of profitability, and operator off-farm income are similar for both adoption and adoption intensity of embodied-knowledge and information-intensive PATs. However, there are differences in the effect of land productivity and familiarity with computer use between adoption and adoption intensity and between embodied-knowledge and information-intensive PATs. The effect of producers’ perception of the environmental benefits of PATs is inconclusive and needs to be investigated in future research. The results indicate that analyzing PATs as a group of technologies masks differences in determinants between embodied-knowledge and information-intensive PATs. The study provides insights for developing programs, policies, and outreach efforts that encourage the adoption and adoption intensity of both embodied-knowledge and information-intensive PATs. Findings from the study will also be of interest to precision agriculture researchers, extension personnel, agribusinesses, and policymakers who may consider PATs as tools for improving agricultural sustainability and food security.

中文翻译：

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精准农业技术采用和采用强度的决定因素：来自南达科他州的证据

精准农业技术 (PAT) 作为经济高效和环境可持续的农业实践的一部分得到推广。可用的 PAT 通常分为两类：即，具身知识和信息密集型 PAT。与信息密集型 PAT 相比，具身知识 PAT 的采用水平较高。以前关于采用 PAT 的研究没有区分具身知识和信息密集型 PAT。此外，大多数研究侧重于采用一两个可用 PAT，而不是采用强度——定义为采用的单个 PAT 总数。本研究通过关注一般 PAT 的采用，特别是具身知识和信息密集型 PAT 的采用强度，填补了文献中的这一空白。该研究使用来自南达科他州东部 198 名农场经营者受访者的 2017 年调查数据，并采用描述性统计、概率和泊松回归模型进行分析。根据研究，GPS 制导、产量监测器和自动截面控制系统是最受欢迎的 PAT，采用率均超过 50%。总体而言，研究结果表明，农田规模、生产者对盈利能力的看法和经营者的非农收入对具体知识和信息密集型 PAT 的采用和采用强度的影响相似。然而，在采用和采用强度之间以及在具身知识和信息密集型 PAT 之间，土地生产力和对计算机使用的熟悉程度的影响存在差异。生产者对 PAT 环境效益的看法的影响尚无定论，需要在未来的研究中进行调查。结果表明，将 PAT 分析为一组技术掩盖了具身知识和信息密集型 PAT 之间决定因素的差异。该研究为制定鼓励体现知识和信息密集型 PAT 的采用和采用强度的计划、政策和外展工作提供了见解。精准农业研究人员、推广人员、农业综合企业和政策制定者也会对这项研究的结果感兴趣，他们可能会将 PAT 视为提高农业可持续性和粮食安全的工具。结果表明，将 PAT 分析为一组技术掩盖了具身知识和信息密集型 PAT 之间决定因素的差异。该研究为制定鼓励体现知识和信息密集型 PAT 的采用和采用强度的计划、政策和外展工作提供了见解。精准农业研究人员、推广人员、农业综合企业和政策制定者也会对这项研究的结果感兴趣，他们可能会将 PAT 视为提高农业可持续性和粮食安全的工具。结果表明，将 PAT 分析为一组技术掩盖了具身知识和信息密集型 PAT 之间决定因素的差异。该研究为制定鼓励体现知识和信息密集型 PAT 的采用和采用强度的计划、政策和外展工作提供了见解。精准农业研究人员、推广人员、农业综合企业和政策制定者也会对这项研究的结果感兴趣，他们可能会将 PAT 视为提高农业可持续性和粮食安全的工具。鼓励采用和采用具体知识和信息密集型 PAT 的外展工作。精准农业研究人员、推广人员、农业综合企业和政策制定者也会对这项研究的结果感兴趣，他们可能会将 PAT 视为提高农业可持续性和粮食安全的工具。鼓励采用和采用具体知识和信息密集型 PAT 的外展工作。精准农业研究人员、推广人员、农业综合企业和政策制定者也会对这项研究的结果感兴趣，他们可能会将 PAT 视为提高农业可持续性和粮食安全的工具。