A wind-wave generation model over an ice-covered sea is proposed. The wind velocity over the ice upper surface is decomposed into the mean velocity profile of the boundary-layer flow and small perturbations, while the ice cover is modelled as a viscoelastic layer, with the water part modelled as an inviscid fluid. The present model is based on two-dimensional linear flow-instability theory, with no-slip boundary conditions at the air–ice interface, and both normal and shear stress boundary conditions matched on the air–ice interface. It is shown that the model converges to the field and experimental data for open-water cases. The ice elasticity is found to be the critical factor for generating wind waves, and the generation of flexural-gravity waves and elastic waves in ice is analyzed.

中文翻译：

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冰封海面上风浪增长的理论模型

提出了冰盖海面上的风浪生成模型。冰上表面的风速被分解为边界层流和小扰动的平均速度剖面，而冰盖被建模为粘弹性层，水部分被建模为无粘性流体。本模型基于二维线性流动不稳定性理论，在空气-冰界面具有无滑移边界条件，在空气-冰界面上匹配法向和剪应力边界条件。结果表明，该模型收敛于开放水域情况下的现场和实验数据。发现冰弹性是产生风波的关键因素，分析了冰中弯曲重力波和弹性波的产生。