The association between indirect environmental cues that modulate insect diapause and the actual stressors is by no means granted when a species encounters new environments. The box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis , is an Asian pest whose rapid invasion in Europe cause considerable economic and ecological impacts. Larvae enter a winter diapause induced by photoperiod in both native and invaded ranges, but factors that trigger the return to an active phase are still unknown. Yet, identifying them is crucial to understand how diapause end synchronizes with the end of the winter stress encountered in Europe. To test whether activity resumption is regulated by thermal and/or photoperiodic thresholds, or additive effects between these factors often involved in diapause termination, diapausing caterpillars from an invaded area were exposed to crossed treatments at the laboratory. The evolution of diapause rate was monitored over time and compared to that of nearby field sites invaded. A strong positive effect of increasing temperature was found on the rate and dynamics of diapause termination, whereas no compelling effect of photoperiod appeared. Resuming development directly when main stressors fade, not in response to indirect photoperiodic cues that could be mismatched outside native areas, likely contributes to the good match observed between diapause and the new climates this pest encountered in the invaded range.

中文翻译：

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在新近入侵的环境中滞育调节：终止时间允许匹配箱形树蛾Cydalima perspectalis（鳞翅目：mb科）中的新气候约束。

当一个物种遇到新的环境时，决不会允许调节昆虫滞育的间接环境线索与实际压力源之间的联系。箱形树蛾，Cydalima perspectalis，是一种亚洲害虫，其在欧洲的迅速入侵对经济和生态造成了重大影响。在自然和入侵范围内，幼虫都会因光周期而进入冬季滞育期，但触发活动期恢复的因素仍然未知。然而，识别它们对于了解滞育期如何与欧洲冬季压力的结束同步是至关重要的。为了测试活动恢复是否受热和/或光周期阈值调节，或者这些因素之间经常导致滞育终止相关的累加效应，将来自入侵地区的滞育毛虫在实验室进行交叉处理。随着时间的推移，监测滞育率的变化，并将其与附近入侵现场的变化进行比较。发现升高温度对滞育终止的速率和动力学有很强的积极作用，而没有出现光周期的强制作用。当主要应激源消失时直接恢复发育，而不是响应本地外地可能不匹配的间接光周期指示，可能有助于滞育和这种有害生物在入侵范围内遇到的新气候之间的良好匹配。