The aim of this study was to evaluate five agro-industrial byproducts (apricots, brewer’s spent grains, brewer’s spent yeast, feed mill byproducts including broken cereal grains, and hatchery waste including eggshell debris, fluff, infertile eggs, dead embryos, and egg fluids) or mixtures thereof as food diets of Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller), Tenebrio molitor (L.), and Hermetia illucens (L.). Eleven out of 26 tested combinations allowed the first instar larvae to reach the adult stage. Results showed that bioconversion parameters and biomass composition can vary depending on the diet composition, especially in the case of E. kuehniella and H. illucens, whose nutritional requirements seem more complex than those of T. molitor. Tenebrio molitor was able to develop in almost all byproducts. However, only when T. molitor was fed with suitable mixtures of byproducts the development parameters were similar to those obtained with the standard diet. The best results in terms of bioconversion parameters were obtained by feeding H. illucens with a diet including dried brewer’s spent grain, feed mill byproducts and brewer’s spent yeast. The larvae of these three species can be considered interesting from a nutritional point of view, because of their high protein and fat content. However, the fatty acids profile of H. illucens larvae, with high proportions of saturated fatty acids, seems less healthy for human consumption compared with those of E. kuehniella and T. molitor.

中文翻译：

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在农业食品工业的不同副产品上饲养的埃布氏菌（鳞翅目：Pyralidae），黄粉虫（Coleoptera：Tenebrionidae）和伊米氏菌（Diptera：Stratiomyidae）的发育和生物量组成。

这项研究的目的是评估五种农业工业副产品（杏子，啤酒酿造的废谷物，啤酒酿造的废酵母，饲料厂的副产品，包括破碎的谷类谷物以及孵化场的废物，包括蛋壳碎屑，绒毛，不育卵，死胚和卵液） ）或它们的混合物，作为埃弗氏菌（Zeller），黄粉虫（Lenebrio molitor（L.））和Hermetia illucens（L.）的食物饮食。在26种测试组合中，有11种使第一龄幼虫达到成年阶段。结果表明，生物转化参数和生物量组成可能会因饮食组成而异，特别是在大肠埃希氏菌和illucens的情况下，其营养需求似乎比mol。molitor更为复杂。黄粉虫能够在几乎所有副产物中生长。但是，仅当将诱食的毛。虫与适当的副产物混合物一起喂食时，其发育参数才与标准日粮相似。就生物转化参数而言，最好的结果是通过饲喂包括干啤酒的废谷物，饲料厂的副产品和啤酒的废酵母在内的饮食来喂H. ucucens。从营养的角度来看，这三个种类的幼虫由于其高蛋白质和脂肪含量而被认为是有趣的。然而，H。illucens的脂肪酸谱与kuehniella和T. molitor相比，饱和脂肪酸比例高的幼虫似乎不健康。