Single atom catalysts (SACs) as a kind of bright star catalyst have attracted great attention, constituting a series of intriguing properties for catalytic reactions. Herein, a simple and ingenious strategy is developed for the fabrication of SACs via atomic filtration during a solid diffusion process under the assistance of graphene oxide membranes (GOMs). First, driven by the heat treatment, the Fe species (atoms, cluster, or particles) are emitted from Fe foam diffused through the GOMs. By elaborately modulating the layer numbers of the GOM and their interlayer spacing, the GOM could exclude the cluster and particles of the Fe species. Thus, the permeable single Fe atoms were trapped by defective N-rich sites, producing isolated Fe site catalyst (Fe SAs/N–C). The fabricated SACs exhibited an excellent catalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Furthermore, this strategy can be easily expanded to prepare other SACs, such as Co SAs/N–C and Ni SAs/N–C.

中文翻译：

---

氧化石墨烯膜进行原子过滤以获取原子分散的单原子催化剂

单原子催化剂（SAC）作为一种亮星催化剂已经引起了广泛的关注，构成了一系列吸引人的催化反应性能。本文中，开发了一种简单而巧妙的策略，用于在氧化石墨烯膜（GOM）的辅助下，在固体扩散过程中通过原子过滤来制造SAC。首先，在热处理的驱动下，Fe物种（原子，团簇或颗粒）从通过GOM扩散的Fe泡沫中散发出来。通过精心调制GOM的层数及其层间间距，GOM可以排除Fe物种的簇和颗粒。因此，可渗透的单个Fe原子被富缺陷的N富集位所俘获，产生了孤立的Fe富集位催化剂（Fe SAs / NC）。制备的SAC对氧还原反应（ORR）表现出优异的催化性能。此外，可以轻松扩展此策略以准备其他SAC，例如Co SAs / NC和Ni SAs / NC。