The activities of soil resident enzymes and fungal communities are critical for soil health and ecosystem functionality. However, their dynamics in response to variations in sowing techniques are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of wide‐ridge and narrow‐furrow (WR&NF), film‐mulching ridge (FMR), and conventional drilling (CD) practices on the activities of soil‐residing enzymes and fungal communities in a dryland wheat field on the Loess Plateau. Photometrically, unbuffered, and colorimetric methods were employed to determine the activities of alkaline phosphatases, urease, and sucrase enzymes, respectively. Soil fungal diversity and community composition was measured via the Illumina Miseq 2500 sequencing method. The results revealed that WR&NF and FMR practices significantly enhanced the soil activities of alkaline phosphatases, urease, and sucrase, while improving soil fungal communities including Chytridiomycota phylum and Phoma (Ascomycota), Olpidium (Chytridiomycota), and Trichosporon (Basidiomycota) genera. Both the enzymatic activities and fungal community compositions of the soils under study varied from rhizosphere to non‐rhizosphere, as well as at different soil depths. Remarkably, several soil fungal genera, including Cystofilobasidium (Basidiomycota), Triparticalcar (Chytridiomycota), and Guehomyces (Basidiomycota) were more abundant in the subsoil than topsoil. In general, we observed that ridge‐furrow and film‐mulching practices enhanced the enzyme activities and improved fungal communities of soils. Therefore, the wide‐ridge and narrow‐furrow sowing technique is recommended as an environmentally compatible practice to benefit the arid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields of the Loess Plateau.

中文翻译：

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垄沟和地膜覆盖播种方法可提高酶活性并改变真菌群落

土壤常驻酶和真菌群落的活动对于土壤健康和生态系统功能至关重要。但是，人们对它们对播种技术变化的动态了解甚少。这项研究旨在调查旱田麦田的宽垄和窄垄（WR＆NF），覆膜垄（FMR）和常规钻孔（CD）措施对土壤中酶和真菌群落活性的影响在黄土高原上。用光度法，无缓冲法和比色法分别测定碱性磷酸酶，脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性。通过Illumina Miseq 2500测序方法测量土壤真菌多样性和群落组成。结果表明，WR＆梭状芽胞杆菌属和Phoma（子囊菌），Olpidium（梭菌属）和Trichosporon（Basidiomycota）属。从根际到非根际，在不同的土壤深度，被研究土壤的酶活性和真菌群落组成都不同。值得注意的是，几种土壤真菌属包括纤维丝霉菌属（Basidiomycota），Triparticalcar（Chytridiomycota）和Guehomyces（Basidiomycota）在底土中比表土更丰富。总的来说，我们观察到垄沟和地膜覆盖措施增强了酶的活性并改善了土壤的真菌群落。因此，建议将宽垄和窄垄播种技术作为环境兼容的做法，以使黄土高原的干旱小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）田受益。