A novel polycarbonate (PC) membrane was modified with titanium dioxide via nonsolvent‐induced phase separation method to improve its hydrophilicity and antifouling properties in a submerged membrane system for the removal of humic acid (HA) both with and without polyaluminum chloride (PAC) coagulant. The effect of TiO₂ additive on the morphology and performance of the nanocomposite membranes was studied by atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray, mechanical properties, water contact angle, porosity, pure water flux, rejection tests, and antifouling parameters. The obtained results revealed that a higher critical flux was achieved by the PC/TiO₂ nanocomposite membrane. The flux recovery ratio of the neat PC membrane increased with the addition of TiO₂ nanoparticles and without PAC coagulant. HA removal for the PC nanocomposite membrane was higher than that of the neat PC membrane with and without PAC coagulant.

中文翻译：

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聚碳酸酯/ TiO2超滤膜的合成与表征：临界通量的测定

一种新型的聚碳酸酯（PC）膜通过二氧化钛通过非溶剂诱导的相分离方法进行了改性，以提高其在水下膜系统中的亲水性和防污性能，从而可以去除和不去除聚氯化铝（PAC）混凝剂中的腐殖酸（HA） 。通过原子力显微镜，场发射扫描电子显微镜，能量色散X射线，机械性能，水接触角，孔隙率，纯净水通量，拒水试验，原子力显微镜研究了TiO ₂添加剂对纳米复合膜的形貌和性能的影响，和防污参数。所得结果表明，PC / TiO ₂获得了更高的临界通量。纳米复合膜。纯净的PC膜的通量回收率随TiO ₂纳米颗粒的加入和无PAC凝结剂而增加。PC纳米复合膜的HA去除率高于或不带有PAC凝结剂的纯PC膜。