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Assessing avian diversity and community composition along a successional gradient in traditional Lacandon Maya agroforests
Biotropica ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 , DOI: 10.1111/btp.12832
Tomasz B. Falkowski 1 , José Raúl Vázquez‐Pérez 2 , Adolfo Chankin 3 , Atzin Yetlanezi Campos‐Beltrán 2 , José L. Rangel‐Salazar 2 , Jonathan B. Cohen 4 , Stewart A.W. Diemont 4
Affiliation  

Evidence regarding the ability of agroforests to conserve biological diversity has been mixed; they tend to maintain avian communities with species richness similar to that of undisturbed forest ecosystems but generally do not completely preserve community composition. Using a combination of occupancy modeling and non‐metric multidimensional scaling on point‐count data, we assessed changes in avian community diversity and composition along a successional gradient in traditional Lacandon Maya agroforests and compared them to protected areas in the region. Bird species richness and diversity in Lacandon agroforests peaked in early secondary forest stages. These agroforests' mean Shannon–Weiner diversity was 5% higher than that of nearby protected areas, but their species richness was similar. Community composition in Lacandon agroforests changed throughout succession, with earlier stages supporting communities distinctly characterized by generalist species, while subsequent, less‐intensively managed stages tended to support more forest‐dwellers. The bird community observed in even the most mature secondary forest stages in Lacandon agroforests differed from that of undisturbed rain forest ecosystems. These results demonstrate the potential of traditional Lacandon agroforestry management to conserve avian biodiversity while ensuring food sovereignty for farmers. However, because the community composition of early‐successional stages was different than later stages, shortening fallow cycles and reducing forest cover to increase agricultural production will limit the species this system can support. This study illustrates the value of incorporating traditional agroecosystems into conservation planning as well as maintaining protected areas, because the latter serve as refugia for species that require undisturbed forest habitat in an agroecological matrix.

中文翻译:

在传统的拉康登玛雅(Layadon Maya)农林中,通过演替梯度评估鸟类多样性和群落组成

关于农林保护生物多样性能力的证据好坏参半;它们倾向于维持鸟类群落,其物种丰富度与未受干扰的森林生态系统相似,但通常不会完全保留群落组成。通过对点数数据进行占用模型和非度量多维标度的组合,我们评估了传统拉康登玛雅农林的鸟类群落多样性和组成沿连续梯度的变化,并将其与该地区的保护区进行了比较。Lacandon农林的鸟类物种丰富度和多样性在次生森林早期达到顶峰。这些农林的平均香农-韦纳多样性比附近保护区高5%,但其物种丰富度却相似。拉康登(Lacandon)农林的群落组成在整个演替过程中都发生了变化,早期阶段支持以通才种为特征的社区,而随后的,管理程度较低的阶段倾向于为更多的森林居民提供支持。在拉康登(Lacandon)农林中,即使在最成熟的次生森林阶段也观察到鸟类群落与未受干扰的雨林生态系统的鸟类群落不同。这些结果证明了传统的拉康登农林业管理在保护鸟类生物多样性的同时确保农民的食品主权的潜力。但是,由于早期阶段的社区构成与后期阶段不同,因此缩短休耕周期和减少森林覆盖以增加农业产量将限制该系统可以支持的物种。
更新日期:2020-08-19
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