A long-term application of various mulch materials may lead to changes in certain soil properties, which mostly remain unreviewed. Therefore, our study focused on the mulch effect on a larger group of Haplic Fluvisol properties. The experiment was performed on 27 perennial patches covered by eight different mulch materials (bark chips, wood chips, wheat straw, cardboard, paper foil, decomposable matting, nonwoven fabric covered by bark chips, and crushed basalt) and control patches without any mulch during the 4 year period.

The highest daily ranges of soil temperature were found in control patches without mulch, lower temperature ranges below foils mulches, and the lowest below organic mulches. Mulches preserved water storage in soil mainly during spring before vegetation integration and after perennials’ cutting. Organic carbon content (C_ox), aggregate stability, and pH mostly did not show any trends over time, except for C_ox and aggregate stability from patches with bark or wood chips and wheat straw. In these cases, decomposed organic matter significantly increased both properties. On the other hand, the soil hydraulic properties (mostly due to no-till practice) considerably changed in all patches. The saturated and residual water contents, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and reciprocal of the air-entry pressure head increased. Correspondingly, the bulk density decreased. Soil water retention curves from the patches with bark or wood chips were more gradual than those from other patches, which indicates higher water retention capacity for lower pressure heads. However, the physical quality of soils under organic mulches expressed by the slope at the retention curve inflection point was lower than that for other scenarios. Readily available water under organic mulches was also lower than that for other setups. This suggests that organic mulches have largest impacts on soil conditions, which can be either favourable or adverse.

长期使用各种覆盖材料可能会导致某些土壤性质发生变化，而这些变化大部分仍未得到审查。因此，我们的研究集中在覆盖更多组Haplic Fluvisol性质上。在27种多年生斑块上进行了试验，斑块上覆盖了八种不同的覆盖材料（树皮屑，木屑，麦草，纸板，纸箔，可分解的消光，树皮屑覆盖的无纺布和碎的玄武岩），并且在控制期间未覆盖任何覆盖物4年期限。

在没有覆盖地的对照地块中，土壤温度的每日最高范围最高，在低于箔地覆盖物的温度范围较低，而低于有机覆盖地的温度范围最低。覆盖物主要在春季在植被整合之前和多年生植物砍伐后在土壤中保存水。除了C _ox以外，有机碳含量（C _ox），聚集体稳定性和pH随时间变化几乎没有任何变化。并具有树皮或木片和麦秸的补丁的稳定性。在这些情况下，分解的有机物显着提高了两种性能。另一方面，在所有斑块中，土壤水力特性（主要是由于免耕做法）发生了很大变化。饱和和残余水含量，饱和水力传导率以及进气压力头的倒数增加。相应地，堆积密度降低。带有树皮或木屑的贴片的土壤保水曲线比其他贴片的保水曲线更平缓，这表明较低压头的保水能力更高。然而，用有机覆盖物在保留曲线拐点处的坡度表示的土壤物理质量要比其他方案低。有机覆盖物下的现成水也低于其他设置。这表明有机覆盖物对土壤条件的影响最大，可能有利或不利。