Currently, the cell and tissue storage using the cryoprotective agents are quite common, in particular in reproductive technologies. Meanwhile the issue of safety when applying the CPAs remains open, since even in residual amounts after washing, they can affect the functioning of the most critical metabolic processes of a cell, in particular transcription and translation, which can be of great importance for further life and development of organs, tissues, cells. The goal was to study the effect of penetrating cryoprotective agents glycerol, ME2SO, ethylene glycol, and non-penetrating PEG-400 on protein synthesizing activity in cell-free systems of Krebs-2 ascites carcinoma and wheat germ. In this study, we compared the effects of ME2SO, PEG-400, glycerol, and ethylene glycol on protein biosynthesis in cell-free systems according to the incorporation of 14C-amino acids in total proteins. A reversible suppression of protein biosynthesis in Krebs-2 ascites carcinoma cells and wheat germ cell-free systems by CPAs PEG-400, ethylene glycol, glycerol and ME2SO was found. This effect is shown to be stipulated by a direct influence of the studied CPAs on translation processes. ME2SO, glycerol, ethylene glycol and PEG-400 were established to cause the Mg-dependent inhibition of protein biosynthesis in cell-free system of Krebs-2 ascites carcinoma cells in endogenous matrices and wheat germ ones in exogenous matrices. It has been shown that the mechanism of inhibiting action of CPAs on protein biosynthesis in cell-free systems is related to Mg2+-dependent inhibition of tRNA aminoacylation, which when penetrating Me2SO, glycerol and ethylene glycol CPAs are used, has a reversible character, and when PEG-400 being a hardly penetrating CPA is applied it is just partially recovered.

中文翻译：

---

冷冻保护剂对 Krebs-2 腹水癌和小麦胚芽无细胞系统蛋白质生物合成的影响

目前，使用冷冻保护剂的细胞和组织储存非常普遍，特别是在生殖技术中。同时，使用 CPA 时的安全问题仍然存在，因为即使洗涤后残留量，它们也会影响细胞最关键代谢过程的功能，特别是转录和翻译，这对以后的生命非常重要和器官、组织、细胞的发育。目的是研究渗透性冷冻保护剂甘油、ME2SO、乙二醇和非渗透性 PEG-400 对 Krebs-2 腹水癌和小麦胚芽无细胞系统中蛋白质合成活性的影响。在本研究中，我们比较了 ME2SO、PEG-400、甘油、根据总蛋白质中 14C 氨基酸的掺入，和乙二醇对无细胞系统中蛋白质生物合成的影响。发现了 CPA PEG-400、乙二醇、甘油和 ME2SO 对 Krebs-2 腹水癌细胞和小麦胚芽无细胞系统中蛋白质生物合成的可逆抑制。研究表明，这种影响是由所研究的 CPA 对翻译过程的直接影响所决定的。建立 ME2SO、甘油、乙二醇和 PEG-400 对内源性基质中的 Krebs-2 腹水癌细胞和外源性基质中的小麦胚芽癌细胞的无细胞系统中的蛋白质生物合成产生镁依赖性抑制。已经表明，CPAs 对无细胞系统中蛋白质生物合成的抑制作用机制与 Mg2+ 依赖性抑制 tRNA 氨酰化有关，