Ginsenosides are the main bioactive components of Panax plants which could be secreted by root and show autotoxicity to root cells or promote the growth of soil-borne pathogens. However, comprehensive understanding of the effect of ginsenosides on soil microbiota is still lacking. The ginsenosides in root exudates of P. notoginseng were quantified and exogenous ginsenosides on soil microbiota were tested using 16S rRNA and ITS gene tag sequencing. Then its underlying mechanism was deciphered through studying effects of ginsenosides on growth of the ginsenoside-modified culturable fungi and bacteria as well as the relationships between these fungi and bacteria. Exogenous root exudates and mixtures of Rg1 + Rb1 + Rd had similar ability to drive the change of soil microbiota. Further studies demonstrated that Rg1 + Rb1 + Rd mixture could enrich or suppress special fungi and bacteria to modify soil community through differential utilization of carbon source during the early stage (30 days), followed by antagonism between ginsenoside-modified fungi and bacteria to determine soil microbial community modification at later stage (60 and 90 days). Ginsenosides were the main substances in exogenous root exudates of P. notoginseng that drove the change in soil microbiota, mediating the special interaction between the plant and the microbiota.

中文翻译：

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三七根系分泌物中人参皂苷通过碳源不同利用驱动土壤微生物群的变化

人参皂苷是人参属植物的主要生物活性成分，可通过根系分泌，对根系细胞具有自毒作用或促进土传病原菌的生长。然而，人参皂苷对土壤微生物群的影响仍缺乏全面的认识。对三七根系分泌物中的人参皂苷进行定量，并使用 16S rRNA 和 ITS 基因标签测序测试土壤微生物群中的外源人参皂苷。然后通过研究人参皂苷对人参皂苷改性可培养真菌和细菌生长的影响以及这些真菌和细菌之间的关系，破译了其潜在机制。外源根系分泌物和 Rg1 + Rb1 + Rd 的混合物具有相似的驱动土壤微生物群变化的能力。进一步的研究表明，Rg1 + Rb1 + Rd 混合物可以在早期（30 天）通过碳源的差异利用富集或抑制特殊的真菌和细菌来改变土壤群落，随后人参皂苷修饰的真菌和细菌之间的拮抗作用来确定土壤后期（60 天和 90 天）的微生物群落改造。人参皂苷是三七外源根系分泌物中的主要物质，它驱动土壤微生物群的变化，介导植物与微生物群之间的特殊相互作用。其次是人参皂苷修饰的真菌和细菌之间的拮抗作用，以确定后期（60和90天）土壤微生物群落的变化。人参皂苷是三七外源根系分泌物中的主要物质，它驱动土壤微生物群的变化，介导植物与微生物群之间的特殊相互作用。其次是人参皂苷修饰真菌和细菌之间的拮抗作用，以确定后期（60和90天）土壤微生物群落的变化。人参皂苷是三七外源根系分泌物中的主要物质，它驱动土壤微生物群的变化，介导植物与微生物群之间的特殊相互作用。