The transverse momentum spectra of , , and produced in proton-proton , proton-antiproton , proton-lead , gold-gold , and lead-lead () collisions over a wide energy range are analyzed by the (two-component) Erlang distribution, the Hagedorn function (the inverse power-law), and the Tsallis-Levy function. The initial temperature is obtained from the color string percolation model from the fit by the (two-component) Erlang distribution in the framework of a multisource thermal model. The excitation functions of several parameters such as the mean transverse momentum and initial temperature increase from 39 GeV to 13 TeV, which is considered in this work. The mean transverse momentum and initial temperature decrease (increase slightly or do not change significantly) with the increase of rapidity (centrality). Meanwhile, the mean transverse momentum of is larger than that of and , and the initial temperature for emission is higher than that for and emission, which shows a mass-dependent behavior.

中文翻译：

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高能碰撞中重味料夸克排放源初始温度的激发函数

的横向动量谱 ， ，和 质子-质子 ，质子反质子，质子铅，金-金，和铅-铅（）通过（两个分量）Erlang分布，Hagedorn函数（逆幂定律）和Tsallis-Levy函数来分析宽能量范围内的碰撞。初始温度是从多色热模型框架中通过（两成分）Erlang分布的拟合从色带渗滤模型获得的。这项工作考虑了几个参数的激发函数，例如平均横向动量和初始温度从39 GeV增加到13 TeV。平均横向动量和初始温度随速度（中心度）的增加而降低（略有增加或没有明显改变）。同时，平均横向动量为 大于 和，以及的初始温度 排放高于 和发射，这显示出质量依赖性行为。