Context: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a frequent complication of spinal cord injury, is occasionally caused by neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO). In most cases of NHO, the hip joint is affected. Herein, we present a case of paraplegia following radiation-induced myelopathy that presented with left leg swelling due to DVT in the common iliac vein (CIV) caused by venous compression by NHO on the anterior lower lumbar spine.

Findings: A 28-year-old man with complete paraplegia due to radiation-induced myelopathy presented with left lower extremity swelling 6 years after the onset of paraplegia. DVT in the left CIV was observed on computed tomography venography. The left CIV was significantly compressed between the NHO at the anterior longitudinal ligament of the lumbar spine and the right common iliac artery, suggestive of May-Thurner syndrome. Slightly distal to that compressed area, the left CIV was significantly compressed by the large NHO at the anterior longitudinal ligament of the lumbar spine.

Conclusions: We believe that such compression of the left CIV would have contributed to the development of DVT. This case shows that DVT might be caused by NHO at the anterior aspect of the lumbar vertebral body, and this may help clinicians identify the main cause of DVT in the leg.

背景：深静脉血栓形成（DVT）是脊髓损伤的常见并发症，偶尔是由神经源性异位骨化（NHO）引起的。在大多数NHO病例中，髋关节受到影响。在此，我们介绍了一个放射性诱发的脊髓病后截瘫的病例，该病例由于左下腰椎的NHO静脉压迫导致D总静脉（CIV）的DVT导致左腿肿胀。

调查结果：一名28岁男性，因放射线诱发的脊髓病而完全截瘫，在截瘫发作6年后出现左下肢肿胀。在计算机断层扫描静脉造影上观察到左CIV中的DVT。左CIV在腰椎前纵韧带的NHO和右总动脉之间明显受压，提示可能存在May-Thurner综合征。在该压缩区域的稍远处，左CIV被腰椎前纵韧带处的较大NHO显着压缩。

结论：我们认为左CIV的这种压缩将有助于DVT的发展。该病例表明，DVT可能是由腰椎椎体前侧的NHO引起的，这可能有助于临床医生确定腿部DVT的主要原因。