Introduction: It is claimed that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a negative impact on mental health. However, to date, prospective studies are lacking. Moreover, it is important to identify which factors modulate the stress response to the pandemic. Previously, sense of coherence (SOC) has emerged as a particularly important resistance factor. Objective: This prospective study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on mental health and to investigate the ability of pre-outbreak SOC levels to predict changes in psychopathological symptoms. Methods: This study assessed psychopathological symptoms and SOC before and after the COVID-19 outbreak as well as post-outbreak COVID-19-related traumatic distress in a German-speaking sample (n =1,591). Bivariate latent change score (BLCS) modeling was used to analyze pre- to post-outbreak changes in psychopathological symptoms and the ability of SOC to predict symptom changes. Results: Overall, there was no change in psychopathological symptoms. However, on an individual-respondent level, 10% experienced a clinically significant increase in psychopathological symptoms and 15% met cut-off criteria for COVID-19-related traumatic distress. Using BLCS modeling, we identified a high-stress group experiencing an increase in psychopathological symptoms and a decrease in SOC and a low-stress group showing the reversed pattern. Changes in SOC and psychopathological symptoms were predicted by pre-outbreak SOC and psychopathological symptom levels. Conclusions: Although mental health was stable in most respondents, a small group of respondents characterized by low levels of SOC experienced increased psychopathological symptoms from pre- to post-outbreak. Thus, SOC training might be a promising approach to enhance the resistance to stressors.
Psychother Psychosom

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 对公众心理健康的影响和连贯感的缓冲作用。

简介：据称，2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行对心理健康产生了负面影响。然而，迄今为止，缺乏前瞻性研究。此外，重要的是要确定哪些因素会调节对大流行的压力反应。此前，连贯感 (SOC) 已成为一个特别重要的阻力因素。目的：这项前瞻性研究旨在评估 COVID-19 爆发对心理健康的影响，并调查爆发前 SOC 水平预测精神病理学症状变化的能力。方法：本研究在德语样本中评估了 COVID-19 爆发前后以及爆发后 COVID-19 相关的创伤性痛苦之前和之后的精神病理学症状和 SOC（n = 1,591)。双变量潜在变化评分 (BLCS) 模型用于分析精神病理学症状爆发前后的变化以及 SOC 预测症状变化的能力。结果：总体而言，精神病理学症状没有变化。然而，在个体受访者的水平上，10% 的人经历了精神病理学症状的临床显着增加，15% 的人符合 COVID-19 相关创伤性痛苦的截止标准。使用 BLCS 模型，我们确定了一个高压力组经历了精神病理学症状的增加和 SOC 的减少，而一个低压力组则显示出相反的模式。SOC 和精神病理学症状的变化通过暴发前的 SOC 和精神病理学症状水平来预测。结论：尽管大多数受访者的心理健康状况稳定，但一小部分以 SOC 水平低为特征的受访者从爆发前到爆发后经历了更多的精神病理学症状。因此，SOC 训练可能是增强对压力源的抵抗力的有前途的方法。
心理治疗师