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Probable benthic macroalgae from the Ediacara Member, South Australia
Precambrian Research ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105903
Shuhai Xiao , James G. Gehling , Scott D. Evans , Ian V. Hughes , Mary L. Droser

Abstract The Ediacara biota records the rise of morphologically complex macroscopic eukaryotes, including animals and other heterotrophs. Eltonian ecology demands that Ediacaran ecosystems must have been supported by primary producers (e.g., cyanobacteria, phytoplanktonic eukaryotes, benthic macroalgae). But the fossil record of Ediacaran primary producers has not been fully documented, particularly with respect to benthic macroalgae, hampering a complete understanding of Ediacaran ecosystems. Here we provide systematic description of probable benthic macroalgal fossils from the Ediacara Member of the Rawnsley Quartzite at the National Heritage site Nilpena in South Australia. These fossils include Flabellophyton stupendum sp. nov., F. typicum, Liulingitaenia irregularis sp. nov., and Longifuniculum cf. dissolutum. Previously informally referred to as Bundles of Filaments (BOF), they are characterized by bundled filaments that can be twisted, loosened, or otherwise deformed. Although many are fragmented, some specimens of Flabellophyton stupendum sp. nov., F. typicum, and possibly Longifuniculum cf. dissolutum bear structures that resemble variants of Pseudorhizostomites and “mop”, but interpreted here as holdfasts, suggesting that in life these were epibenthic organisms attached to the substrate. Atypical populations of relatively small Ediacara-type fossils are found on a bedding surface dominated by benthic macroalgae, suggesting that, together with microbial mats, these primary producers were beneficial for juvenile settlement of Ediacara-type organisms, potentially contributing both oxygen and nutrients. Although debates about animal affinity dominate Ediacaran paleontology, this study highlights the importance of benthic macroalgae in Ediacaran ecosystems.

中文翻译:

来自南澳大利亚 Ediacara 成员的可能的底栖大型藻类

摘要 Ediacara 生物群记录了形态复杂的宏观真核生物的兴起,包括动物和其他异养生物。埃尔顿生态学要求埃迪卡拉纪生态系统必须得到初级生产者(例如蓝藻、浮游植物真核生物、底栖大型藻类)的支持。但埃迪卡拉纪初级生产者的化石记录尚未完全记录,尤其是底栖大型藻类,阻碍了对埃迪卡拉纪生态系统的全面了解。在这里,我们提供了来自南澳大利亚国家遗产遗址 Nilpena 的 Rawnsley 石英岩 Ediacara 成员的可能的底栖大型藻类化石的系统描述。这些化石包括 Flabellophyton stupendum sp。nov., F. typicum, Liulingitaenia imp. 十一月,和Longifuniculum cf。解散。以前非正式地称为长丝束 (BOF),它们的特征是可以扭曲、松开或以其他方式变形的成束长丝。虽然许多是破碎的,但 Flabellophyton stupendum sp. 的一些标本。nov., F. typicum, 可能还有 Longifuniculum cf. dissolutum 熊结构类似于假根须虫和“拖把”的变种,但在这里解释为固定物,这表明在生活中这些是附着在基质上的底栖生物。在以底栖大型藻类为主的垫层表面上发现了相对较小的埃迪卡拉型化石的非典型种群,这表明这些初级生产者与微生物垫一起有利于埃迪卡拉型生物的幼年定居,可能提供氧气和养分。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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