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Microglial ontogeny, diversity and neurodevelopmental functions.
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.06.013
Morgane Sonia Thion 1 , Sonia Garel 1
Affiliation  

Microglia are instrumental to the development, function, homeostasis and pathologies of the central nervous system. These brain-resident macrophages arise early in embryogenesis and seed the developing brain, where they differentiate in response to cues provided by their neural niche. Throughout life, microglia regulate the neural tissue through a variety of cellular functions influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Despite their importance, we are only starting to uncover how microglia colonize the brain, adopt distinct functional states during development and the long-term impact of early alteration of their functions. This review highlights the latest knowledge on the ontogeny of microglia, their developmental trajectory and emerging roles. Characterizing these processes will be critical for our understanding of both brain physiology and pathologies.



中文翻译:

小胶质细胞的发生,多样性和神经发育功能。

小胶质细胞对中枢神经系统的发育,功能,体内平衡和病理起着重要作用。这些驻留于大脑的巨噬细胞出现在胚胎发生的早期,并在发育中的大脑中播种,并在其中响应其神经环境提供的线索而分化。在整个生命中,小胶质细胞通过受内在和外在因素影响的各种细胞功能来调节神经组织。尽管它们的重要性,我们才刚刚开始发现小胶质细胞如何在大脑中定居,在发育过程中采用不同的功能状态以及其功能早期改变的长期影响。这篇综述着重介绍了小胶质细胞瘤的最新知识,它们的发展轨迹和新兴作用。

更新日期:2020-08-18
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