With the country’s increasing requirements on environmental performance of drilling fluid treatment agents, which the traditional anti-collapse agent design has been unable to meet, research on environmentally-friendly anti-collapse agent molecular design is becoming increasingly important. This paper studies the effect of different types of groups on the anti-collapse characteristics and environmental protection performance of anti-collapse agents. The core immersion test and linear expansion test were used to evaluate the anti-collapse properties of different groups. The experimental results show that the anti-collapse properties of different groups of the same carbon chain length decrease in the following order: amino group > amide group > hydroxy group > carboxyl group. The anti-collapse properties of different amino groups of organic amines change in the following order: primary amine > secondary amine > tertiary amine. At the same time, the potassium dichromate method, the dilution and inoculation method, and the luminescent bacteria method were used to measure the COD value, BOD value, and EC50 value of the anti-collapse agents with different groups, and the experimental results show that the biodegradability decreases in the following order: hydroxyl group > carboxyl group > amide group > amino group. Biological toxicity decreases in the following order: hydroxyl group > amide group > carboxyl group > amino group. The biodegradability value of different amino groups of organic amines increases in the following order: primary amine < secondary amine < tertiary amine. The biological toxicity decreases in the following order: primary amine > secondary amine > tertiary amine.

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各种烃基对钻井液防塌剂有效性和环境特性的影响

随着国家对钻井液处理剂环保性能要求的不断提高，传统的防塌剂设计已经无法满足，环保型防塌剂分子设计的研究变得越来越重要。本文研究了不同类型基团对抗塌剂的抗塌特性和环保性能的影响。采用芯体浸入试验和线膨胀试验来评价不同组别的抗塌陷性能。实验结果表明，相同碳链长度的不同基团的抗塌陷性能依次降低：氨基>酰胺基>羟基>羧基。有机胺不同氨基的抗塌陷性能按以下顺序变化：伯胺>仲胺>叔胺。同时采用重铬酸钾法、稀释接种法、发光菌法分别测定了不同组别抗塌陷剂的COD值、BOD值、EC50值，实验结果表明：生物降解性按以下顺序降低：羟基>羧基>酰胺基>氨基。生物毒性依次递减：羟基>酰胺基>羧基>氨基。有机胺不同氨基的生物降解性值按以下顺序增加：伯胺<仲胺<叔胺。