Tm³⁺- and Yb³⁺-doped lithium-gadolinium oxide (Li-Gd2O3) ceramics, prepared by the simple evaporation technique, were incorporated into polystyrene (PS) films (as recycled Styrofoam). A study of the upconversion (UC) emission from Tm³⁺ as well as Yb³⁺ ions was performed under continuous wave excitation of a 980-nm laser, for both powder and PS film samples. High-intensity light emissions (UC) were observed at 476, 488, and 665 nm, associated with inter electronic energy state transitions of the Tm³⁺ ion, from ¹D2 to ³F4, ¹G4 to ³H6, and ³F3 to ³H6, respectively. Yb³⁺ presence makes possible the thulium blue emission in the UC luminescence because it acts as a sensitizer under 980-nm excitation. Lithium is used as part of the host lattice (Lix-Gd2-xO3; 0 ≤ x ≥ 1) in order to achieve a greater crystallinity as Li⁺ acts as fluxing agent. The PS films remain highly transparent in the light’s visible region even after the incorporation of the ceramic particles (around 80% T).

通过简单的蒸发技术制备的掺有Tm ³⁺和Yb ^3+的锂氧化d锂（Li-Gd2O3）陶瓷被掺入到聚苯乙烯（PS）薄膜中（作为回收的聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料）。对于粉末和PS薄膜样品，在980 nm激光的连续波激发下，对Tm ³⁺和Yb ³⁺离子的上转换（UC）发射进行了研究。高强度的光发射（UC）在476，488，和665nm处观察到，与TM的帧间电子能量状态跃迁相关联³⁺离子，从¹ D2至³ F4，^1个G4至³ H6，和³ F3至³H6分别。Yb ^3+的存在使UC发光中的blue蓝色发射成为可能，因为它在980 nm激发下起敏化剂的作用。锂作为主晶格的一部分（LIX-的Gd2-xO3; 0≤  X  ≥1），以实现更大的结晶度如Li ⁺作为助熔剂。即使掺入了陶瓷颗粒（T含量约为80％），PS膜仍在光的可见区域保持高度透明。