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Organic Farming Enhances the Diversity and Community Structure of Endophytic Archaea and Fungi in Maize Plant: a Shotgun Approach
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s42729-020-00324-9
Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji , Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro , Olubukola Oluranti Babalola

This study compares, for the first time, the diversity and community structure of the endophytic archaea and fungi inhabiting the roots of maize plant cultivated using two different fertilizer regimes and the control field via shotgun metagenomics. This was used to verify our hypothesis that organic farming positively influences the diversity, beneficial effects, and abundance of plant endophytic communities as compared with conventional farming. Total DNA extraction was carried out using the roots of maize plants cultivated with organic fertilizer (FK), inorganic fertilizer (NK), and without any fertilizer (CK) at different farming sites in an experimental field and sequenced using shotgun metagenomics. In all, 3 archaea phyla, namely, Crenarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, and Thaumarchaeota, and 2 fungi phyla, namely, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, were identified in the samples with higher abundance in samples from the FK site. Our diversity results revealed that the abundance of endophytic archaea and fungi species across the farming sites are in the order NK < CK < FK. The results indicate that organic farming enhances the abundance of endophytic archaea and fungi which might be a boost to sustainable agricultural practices. Furthermore, some new genera of endophytic archaea and fungi were identified from the maize roots. Future studies into how these novel endophytes can be cultured are important in a bid to explore their functions in sustainable agriculture as well as identify their biotechnological importance.

中文翻译:

有机农业增强了玉米植物内生古菌和真菌的多样性和群落结构:霰弹枪法

本研究首次通过鸟枪宏基因组学比较了使用两种不同施肥方式栽培的玉米植物根部内生古细菌和真菌的多样性和群落结构。这用于验证我们的假设,即与传统农业相比,有机农业对植物内生群落的多样性、有益影响和丰度产​​生积极影响。使用有机肥 (FK)、无机肥 (NK) 和不施任何肥料 (CK) 在试验田不同农田种植的玉米植株的根部进行总 DNA 提取,并使用鸟枪宏基因组学进行测序。总共有3个古菌门,即Crenarchaeota、Euryarchaeota和Thaumarchaeota,以及2个真菌门,即子囊菌门和担子菌门,在来自 FK 站点的样本中具有更高丰度的样本中被鉴定出来。我们的多样性结果显示,整个养殖场内内生古菌和真菌物种的丰度按 NK < CK < FK 的顺序排列。结果表明,有机农业增加了内生古菌和真菌的丰度,这可能会促进可持续农业实践。此外,从玉米根中鉴定了一些内生古菌和真菌的新属。未来对如何培养这些新型内生菌的研究对于探索它们在可持续农业中的功能以及确定它们的生物技术重要性很重要。我们的多样性结果显示,整个养殖场内内生古菌和真菌物种的丰度按 NK < CK < FK 的顺序排列。结果表明,有机农业增加了内生古菌和真菌的丰度,这可能会促进可持续农业实践。此外,从玉米根中鉴定了一些内生古菌和真菌的新属。未来对如何培养这些新型内生菌的研究对于探索它们在可持续农业中的功能以及确定它们的生物技术重要性很重要。我们的多样性结果显示,整个养殖场内内生古菌和真菌物种的丰度按 NK < CK < FK 的顺序排列。结果表明,有机农业增加了内生古菌和真菌的丰度,这可能会促进可持续农业实践。此外,从玉米根中鉴定了一些内生古菌和真菌的新属。未来对如何培养这些新型内生菌的研究对于探索它们在可持续农业中的功能以及确定它们的生物技术重要性很重要。从玉米根中鉴定出一些新的内生古菌和真菌属。未来对如何培养这些新型内生菌的研究对于探索它们在可持续农业中的功能以及确定它们的生物技术重要性很重要。从玉米根中鉴定出一些新的内生古菌和真菌属。未来对如何培养这些新型内生菌的研究对于探索它们在可持续农业中的功能以及确定它们的生物技术重要性很重要。
更新日期:2020-08-17
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