As an alternative to existing methods, we design a transform-domain algorithm to avoid the computational cost of a two-dimensional (2-D) spectral peak search when addressing the problem of joint azimuth and elevation directions-of-arrival (DOAs) estimation via an L-shaped array. Motivated by the linear prediction property of the signal cross-covariance matrix, the 2-D DOA estimation problem is equivalently converted into a 2-D frequency estimation problem. With the QR decomposition technique, the closed-form solutions in the transform domain with respect to the azimuth and elevation angles are successively estimated using the weighted least squared method as the solver, and it is shown that the proposed scheme achieves automatically pairing while permitting fast implementation. Simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparison with several 2-D DOA estimators as well as the Cramer–Rao lower bound.

中文翻译：

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变换域：基于二维分解的闭式联合二维 DOA 估计设计

作为现有方法的替代方案，我们设计了一种变换域算法，以在解决联合方位角和仰角到达方向 (DOA) 估计问题时避免二维 (2-D) 谱峰搜索的计算成本通过 L 形阵列。受信号互协方差矩阵的线性预测特性的启发，二维 DOA 估计问题等效地转换为二维频率估计问题。利用QR分解技术，以加权最小二乘法为求解器，依次估计变换域中关于方位角和仰角的闭式解，结果表明该方案实现了自动配对，同时允许快速执行。