Background

Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth and young adults. Improving the understanding of social-ecological factors associated with youth suicide behaviors may highlight important ideas for prevention.

Objective

From a social-ecological theoretical framework of suicide, this study aims to test whether parental monitoring and school academic engagement predict suicidal behavior and substance use in youth, and by gender.

Methods

Data comes from a large cross-sectional U.S. study—the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)—which includes U.S. adolescents (N = 12,884) aged 12–17 years old. A structural equation model (SEM) and the MIMIC (Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes) model of SEM were used to test the proposed conceptual model using AMOS Version 25.

Results

The final structural model had an adequate goodness of fit [χ²(df = 84, N = 12,884) was 2352.58, p < 0.001]. The other fit statistics indicated good fit with RMSEA = 0.044 and CFI = 0.94. Fifty-eight percent of the variance in suicide behaviors was accounted for by the model.

Conclusions

These findings underscore critical associations between suicidal behavior and relational (parental monitoring), community (school academic engagement) and individual (substance use) social ecological factors. Gender paths in the model did not differ significantly. These factors suggest important prevention targets for reducing suicide risk among adolescents.

中文翻译：

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了解美国青少年的父母监护，学校学术参与，物质使用和自杀之间的联系

背景

自杀是年轻人和年轻人中第二大死亡原因。增进对与青年自杀行为有关的社会生态因素的认识可能会突出重要的预防思想。

目的

从自杀的社会生态理论框架出发，本研究旨在检验父母的监督和学校的学术参与是否能够预测青少年的自杀行为和物质使用以及性别。

方法

数据来自美国的一项大型横断面研究（2017年全国药物使用和健康调查（NSDUH）），其中包括 12至17岁的美国青少年（N = 12,884）。使用SEM的结构方程模型（SEM）和MIMIC（多指标和多种原因）模型来测试使用AMOS版本25提出的概念模型。

结果

最终结构模型具有拟合的优度足够[ χ ²（DF  = 84，Ñ  = 12884）为2352.58，p  <0.001]。其他拟合统计数据表明拟合良好，RMSEA = 0.044，CFI = 0.94。该模型解释了自杀行为差异的58％。

结论

这些发现强调了自杀行为与关系（父母监控），社区（学校学术参与）和个人（物质使用）社会生态因素之间的关键联系。模型中的性别路径没有显着差异。这些因素提出了降低青少年自杀风险的重要预防目标。