Historical archives represent an immense wealth, the potential of which is endangered by the lack of effective management and access tools. We believe that this issue can be faced by providing archive catalogs with a semantic layer , containing rich semantic metadata, representing the content of documents in a full-fledged formal machine-readable format. In this article, we present the contribution offered in this direction by the PRiSMHA project , in which the conceptual vocabulary of the semantic layer is represented by computational ontologies. However, acquiring semantic knowledge represents a well-known bottleneck for knowledge-based systems; to solve this problem, PRiSMHA relies on a crowdsourcing collaborative model , i.e., an online community of users who collaborate in building semantic representations of the content of archival documents. In this perspective, this article aims at answering the following research question : Starting from the axioms characterizing concepts in the computational ontology underlying the system, how can we derive a user interface enabling users to formally represent the content of archival documents by exploiting the conceptual vocabulary provided by the ontology? Our solution includes the following steps: (a) a manually defined configuration, acting as a pre-filter, to hide “unsuited” classes, properties, and relations; (b) an algorithm, combining heuristics and reasoning, which extracts from the ontology all and only the “compatible” properties and relations, given an entity (event) type; and (c) a set of strategies to rank, group, and present the entity (event) properties and relations, based on the results of a study with users. This integrated solution enabled us to design an ontology-driven user interface enabling users to characterize entities, and in particular (historical) events, on the basis of the vocabulary provided by the ontology.

中文翻译：

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通过本体驱动的用户界面为历史档案构建语义元数据

历史档案代表着巨大的财富，其潜力因缺乏有效的管理和访问工具而受到威胁。我们认为，可以通过提供档案目录来解决这个问题语义层，包含丰富的语义元数据，以成熟的正式机器可读格式表示文档的内容。在本文中，我们介绍了由PRiSMHA 项目，其中语义层的概念词汇由计算本体表示。然而，获取语义知识是知识系统的一个众所周知的瓶颈。为了解决这个问题，PRiSMHA 依赖于众包协同模式，即一个在线用户社区，他们合作构建档案文件内容的语义表示。从这个角度来看，本文旨在回答以下问题研究问题：从表征系统底层计算本体中概念的公理出发，我们如何推导出一个用户界面，使用户能够通过利用本体提供的概念词汇表来正式表示档案文件的内容？我们的解决方案包括以下步骤：（一种）手动定义的配置，充当预过滤器，以隐藏“不适合”的类、属性和关系；(二)一种结合启发式和推理的算法，在给定实体（事件）类型的情况下，它从本体中提取所有且仅“兼容”的属性和关系；和（C）根据与用户的研究结果，对实体（事件）属性和关系进行排名、分组和呈现的一组策略。这种集成解决方案使我们能够设计一个本体驱动的用户界面使用户能够根据本体提供的词汇表来表征实体，特别是（历史）事件。