The quality of construction projects is related to the safety of people's lives and property, and also has a greater impact on the stability of the entire society; factory structure is one of the most common productive buildings, and some factory buildings have been partially lost its using function due to a long service history; in order to ensure the safety, applicability and durability of these factory buildings and continue to utilize or strengthen these factory structures, it is necessary to perform safety testing and identification for factory buildings at the first time. Structural safety assessment is the process of inspecting, measuring, analyzing and evaluating the structural effects, structural resistance and their interrelationships and finally obtaining structural safety grade of buildings that have been built or in service for many years. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing previous research works, this article expounded the research background, current status and future challenges of building safety grade identification, elaborated material testing methods, specifications, frameworks and processes of security grade identification for factory structure buildings, analyzed the concrete strength and steel corrosion detection, structural seismic identification and bearing capacity calculation of factory building, and proposed corresponding reinforcement measures and discussed its reinforcement effect. The final identification results of an engineering case are in good agreement with its actual construction conditions and on-site inspections and basically satisfactory the results of the factory building structure. The study results of this paper provide a reference for the further researches on the safety grade identification and reinforcement effect of the factory structure building.

建设项目的质量关系到人民生命财产安全，也对整个社会的稳定产生更大的影响。工厂结构是最常见的生产建筑物之一，由于长期的服务历史，一些工厂建筑物已部分失去其使用功能；为了确保这些工厂建筑物的安全性，适用性和耐用性，并继续利用或加强这些工厂建筑物，有必要在第一时间对工厂建筑物进行安全测试和鉴定。结构安全评估是检查，测量，分析和评估结构效果的过程，结构抗力及其相互关系，最终获得已经建造或使用多年的建筑物的结构安全等级​​。在总结和分析以往研究工作的基础上，阐述了建筑安全等级识别的研究背景，现状和未来的挑战，阐述了工厂结构建筑物安全等级识别的材料测试方法，规范，框架和过程，并对其进行了分析。混凝土强度和钢筋腐蚀检测，工厂建筑物的结构抗震鉴定和承载力计算，并提出了相应的加固措施并讨论了其加固效果。工程案例的最终鉴定结果与其实际施工条件和现场检查相吻合，基本满意工厂厂房结构的结果。本文的研究结果为进一步研究工厂结构建筑物的安全等级识别和加固效果提供了参考。