Over the past two decades, there has been a growing interest in the use of plasmonic nanoparticles as sources of heat remotely controlled by light, giving rise to the field of thermoplasmonics. The ability to release heat on the nanoscale has already impacted a broad range of research activities, from biomedicine to imaging and catalysis. Thermoplasmonics is now entering an important phase: some applications have engaged in an industrial stage, while others, originally full of promise, experience some difficulty in reaching their potential. Meanwhile, innovative fundamental areas of research are being developed. In this Review, we scrutinize the current research landscape in thermoplasmonics, with a specific focus on its applications and main challenges in many different fields of science, including nanomedicine, cell biology, photothermal and hot-electron chemistry, solar light harvesting, soft matter and nanofluidics.

在过去的二十年中，人们越来越关注使用等离子体纳米颗粒作为受光远程控制的热源，从而引起了热等离子体领域。从纳米级释放热量的能力已经影响了从生物医学到成像和催化的广泛研究活动。热等离子体技术现在正进入一个重要阶段：某些应用已进入工业阶段，而其他最初充满希望的应用却在发挥其潜力方面遇到了一些困难。同时，正在开发创新的基础研究领域。在这篇评论中，我们详细研究了热等离子体技术的当前研究前景，重点关注其在许多不同科学领域的应用和主要挑战，包括纳米医学，细胞生物学，