ABSTRACT

Introduction

Oral mycobiome profiling is important to understand host–pathogen interactions that occur in various diseases. Invasive fungal infections are particularly relevant for patients who have received chemotherapy and for those who have HIV infection. In addition, changes in fungal microbiota are associated with the worsening of chronic conditions like atopic dermatitis (AD). This work aims, through a systematic review, to analyze the methods used in previous studies to identify oral fungi and their most frequent species in patients with the following conditions: HIV infection, leukemia, and atopic dermatitis.

Methods

A literature search was performed on several different databases. Inclusion criteria were: written in English or Portuguese; published between September 2009 and September 2019; analyzed oral fungi of HIV-infected, leukemia, or AD patients.

Results

21 studies were included and the most identified species was Candida. The predominant methods of identification were morphological (13/21) and sugar fermentation and assimilation tests (11/21). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was the most used molecular method (8/21) followed by sequencing techniques (3/21).

Conclusions

Although morphological and biochemical tests are still used, they are associated with high-throughput sequencing techniques, due to their accuracy and time saving for profiling the predominant species in oral mycobiome.

中文翻译：

---

异位性皮炎，白血病和HIV患者的口服真菌组学鉴定—系统评价

摘要

介绍

口服菌群分析对了解各种疾病中发生的宿主与病原体之间的相互作用非常重要。侵袭性真菌感染与已接受化疗的患者和艾滋病毒感染者特别相关。此外，真菌微生物群的变化与特应性皮炎（AD）等慢性疾病的恶化有关。这项工作旨在通过系统的综述，分析先前研究中用于鉴定患有以下疾病的患者的口腔真菌及其最常见物种的方法：HIV感染，白血病和特应性皮炎。

方法

在几个不同的数据库上进行了文献检索。入选标准为：用英语或葡萄牙语书写；在2009年9月至2019年9月之间发布；分析了HIV感染，白血病或AD患者的口腔真菌。

结果

包括21个研究，最确定的物种是念珠菌。鉴定的主要方法是形态学（13/21）以及糖发酵和同化试验（11/21）。聚合酶链反应（PCR）是最常用的分子方法（8/21），其次是测序技术（3/21）。

结论

尽管仍然使用形态学和生化测试，但由于它们能准确，省时地分析口腔真菌基因组中的主要物种，因此它们与高通量测序技术相关。