Vulnerable atherosclerotic (AS) plaque is the major cause of cardiovascular death. However, clinical methods cannot directly identify the vulnerable AS plaque at molecule level. Herein, osteopontin antibody (OPN Ab) and NIR fluorescence molecules of ICG co‐assembled Ti₃C₂ nanosheets are reported as an advanced nanoprobe (OPN Ab/Ti₃C₂/ICG) with enhanced photoacoustic (PA) performance for direct and non‐invasive in vivo visual imaging of vulnerable AS plaque. The designed OPN Ab/Ti₃C₂/ICG nanoprobes successfully realize obvious NIR fluorescence imaging toward foam cells as well as the vulnerable AS plaque slices. After intravenous injection of OPN Ab/Ti₃C₂/ICG nanoprobes into AS model mice, in vivo imaging results show a significantly enhanced PA signal in the aortic arch accumulated with vulnerable plaque, well indicating the remarkable feasibility of OPN Ab/Ti₃C₂/ICG nanoprobes to distinguish the vulnerable AS plaque. The proposed OPN Ab/Ti₃C₂/ICG nanoprobes not only overcome the clinical difficulty to differentiate vulnerable plaque, but also achieve the non‐invasively specific in vivo imaging of vulnerable AS plaque at molecule level, greatly promoting the innovation of cardiovascular diagnosis technology.

中文翻译：

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一种用于脆弱动脉粥样硬化斑块体内光声成像的非侵入性纳米探针。

脆弱的动脉粥样硬化（AS）斑块是心血管死亡的主要原因。然而，临床方法不能直接在分子水平上识别易损的 AS 斑块。在此，ICG 共组装的 Ti ₃ C ₂纳米片的骨桥蛋白抗体 (OPN Ab) 和 NIR 荧光分子被报道为一种先进的纳米探针 (OPN Ab/Ti ₃ C ₂ /ICG)，具有增强的光声 (PA) 性能，可用于直接和非-易损AS斑块的侵入性体内视觉成像。设计的 OPN Ab/Ti ₃ C ₂ /ICG 纳米探针成功实现了对泡沫细胞以及易损的 AS 斑块切片的明显 NIR 荧光成像。静脉注射OPN Ab/Ti ₃ C后₂ /ICG纳米探针进入AS模型小鼠，体内成像结果显示在易损斑块积聚的主动脉弓中PA信号显着增强，说明OPN Ab/Ti ₃ C ₂ /ICG纳米探针在区分易损AS斑块方面具有显着的可行性. 所提出的OPN Ab/Ti ₃ C ₂ /ICG纳米探针不仅克服了鉴别易损斑块的临床难点，而且实现了易损斑块在分子水平上的无创特异性活体成像，极大地推动了心血管诊断技术的创新.