This study examines how inoculation with live soil influences the assembly of the endosphere microbiome of leaves and roots of chrysanthemum. Sterilized soil was inoculated with 10% soil in which grasses had grown. Chrysanthemum was planted in these soils and control plants were grown in 100% sterilized soil. All plants were exposed to thrips, and leaves and roots were collected from inoculated and control plants that experienced high and low thrips damage. DNA was extracted and the bacterial and fungal community inside roots and leaves was determined using Illumina sequencing. Inoculation increased bacterial diversity in root but not in leaf tissues. The endosphere of both roots and leaves was dominated by Pseudomonadaceae. In leaves, the relative abundance of Pseudomonadaceae was higher in inoculated than in control plants, whereas this was opposite in roots. Leaves contained more rare bacterial families than roots. The number of fungal reads was very low and the endopshere did not differ between plants with high or low thrips damage. Bacterial communities inside chrysanthemum root and leaf tissues differ considerably. Soil inoculation with entire microbiomes can be used to change root and foliar bacterial microbiomes and this is particularly effective in root tissues.

中文翻译：

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土壤接种改变菊花根和叶的内层微生物组

本研究检验了活土接种如何影响菊花叶和根的内层微生物组的组装。用10%长有草的土壤接种经过消毒的土壤。菊花种植在这些土壤中，对照植物种植在 100% 消毒的土壤中。所有植物都暴露于蓟马，从经历高蓟马和低蓟马损害的接种植物和对照植物中收集叶子和根。提取 DNA 并使用 Illumina 测序确定根和叶内的细菌和真菌群落。接种增加了根中的细菌多样性，但没有增加叶组织中的细菌多样性。根和叶的内圈以假单胞菌科为主。在叶子中，接种的假单胞菌科的相对丰度高于对照植物，而这在根源上是相反的。叶子比根含有更多的稀有细菌家族。真菌读数的数量非常低，并且具有高或低蓟马损害的植物之间的内皮没有差异。菊花根和叶组织内的细菌群落差异很大。整个微生物组的土壤接种可用于改变根和叶细菌微生物组，这对根组织特别有效。