As the number of automated vehicles is increasing on our roads, we wanted to know if people could detect if a car was being driven by a human driver or automation in a lane change task. This is particularly relevant, as most of the road collisions involve automated vehicles being struck from behind by manually driven vehicles. To address the detection of automated vehicles, an online survey presented videos of lane change maneuvers on multi‐lane carriageways from behind the automated vehicle. We reasoned that, on such roads, the behavior of the vehicles in front would have more of an effect on drivers than those of the vehicles behind. To this end, an online survey was conducted with 769 people judging 60 video clips, classifying the lane change either being performed by Autopilot software or a human driver. Over 34,000 responses were recorded. It was found that automated and manual lane changes were virtually indistinguishable from the rear of the vehicle. The main conclusion of the research was that vehicles in automated mode should display this fact to other road users all around the vehicle as this may have an effect on other road users in anticipating the behavior of the other vehicle.

中文翻译：

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坐在驾驶席上图灵：人们可以区分自动驾驶和手动驾驶汽车吗？

随着道路上无人驾驶汽车数量的增加，我们想知道人们是否可以检测到驾驶员是在自动驾驶还是在变道任务中由自动化驾驶。这尤其重要，因为大多数道路碰撞都涉及自动驾驶汽车被手动驾驶车辆从后面撞到的情况。为了解决自动车辆的检测问题，在线调查显示了从自动车辆后面在多车道行车道上进行换道操作的视频。我们认为，在这样的道路上，前方车辆的行为比后方车辆的行为对驾驶员的影响更大。为此，对769人进行了一次在线调查，评判了60个视频片段，对由自动驾驶仪软件或人工驾驶进行的车道变更进行了分类。记录了超过34,000个响应。结果发现，自动和手动换道与车辆后部几乎没有区别。研究的主要结论是，处于自动模式的车辆应向周围的其他道路使用者显示这一事实，因为这可能会影响其他道路使用者预期其他车辆的行为。