The aim of this review is to shed light on time and irreversibility, in order to link macroscopic to microscopic approaches to these complicated problems. After a brief summary of the standard notions of thermodynamics, we introduce some considerations about certain fundamental aspects of temporal evolution of out-of-equilibrium systems. Our focus is on the notion of entropy generation as the marked characteristic of irreversible behaviour. The concept of time and the basic aspects of the thermalization of thermal radiation, due to the interaction of thermal radiation with matter, are explored concisely from complementary perspectives. The implications and relevance of time for the phenomenon of thermal radiation and irreversible thermophysics are carefully discussed. The concept of time is treated from a different viewpoint, in order to make it as clear as possible in relation to its different fundamental problems.

中文翻译：

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非平衡系统中的时间、不可逆性和熵产生

这篇综述的目的是阐明时间和不可逆性，以便将宏观与微观方法联系起来解决这些复杂问题。在对热力学的标准概念进行简要总结之后，我们介绍了关于失衡系统时间演化的某些基本方面的一些考虑。我们的重点是将熵产生作为不可逆行为的显着特征的概念。由于热辐射与物质的相互作用，时间的概念和热辐射热化的基本方面从互补的角度进行了简洁的探讨。仔细讨论了时间对热辐射现象和不可逆热物理学的影响和相关性。从不同的角度看待时间的概念，