The Common Carp Cyprinus carpio is an invasive fish whose populations have grown to ecologically damaging levels in the North American Midwest. It has been shown that some shallow nursery habitats contribute disproportionally to population growth of Common Carp in interconnected Midwestern lake systems. The ability of managers to discriminate which shallow basins are producing Common Carp across these systems could increase the efficacy of management practices aimed at disrupting recruitment. We tested whether adult and juvenile Common Carp collected across an interconnected Midwestern lake system could be distinguished based on the concentrations of 11 trace elements measured in their otoliths using laser ablation and high‐resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (n = 157). Elemental concentrations in water were also measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and found to differ among sites and between habitats, indicating that variation in otolith microchemistry was likely. Aluminum, barium, copper, iron, potassium, lithium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, and strontium in the edge region of otoliths differed significantly among Common Carp from all capture sites. Barium, iron, lithium, manganese, and phosphorus differed significantly among juvenile Common Carp from three nursery basins. Aluminum, barium, copper, iron, potassium, lithium, sodium, phosphorus, and strontium were significantly different between nursery and nonnursery habitats. We then investigated the ability to use these elemental otolith edge signatures to differentiate capture locations and distinguish between locations that are active and putative nursery habitats. Quadratic discriminant analysis could classify otoliths to collection site with an accuracy of 54%. Quadratic discriminant analysis had increased accuracy when restricted to juvenile Common Carp (76%) and when classifying Common Carp to nursery and nonnursery habitat types (87%). Further analysis of otolith and water microchemistry indicates temporal instability and suggests a need to collect a multiyear library of otoliths prior to utilization by managers.

中文翻译：

---

普通鲤鱼的耳石微化学反应反映了北美中西部互连湖泊系统中的捕获位置并区分了苗圃。

鲤鱼鲤鱼是一种侵入性鱼类，其种群已在北美中西部地区发展到破坏生态的水平。研究表明，在中西部相互连接的湖泊系统中，一些浅苗圃生境对普通鲤鱼的种群增长贡献不成比例。管理者区分这些系统中哪个浅盆地在生产鲤鱼的能力可以提高旨在破坏招聘的管理实践的效率。我们测试了在相互连接的中西部湖泊系统中收集的成年鲤鱼和少年鲤鱼是否能够基于激光消融和高分辨率电感耦合等离子体质谱法（η = 157）。水中的元素浓度也通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法进行了测量，结果发现地点之间和栖息地之间存在差异，这表明耳石微化学变化的可能性很大。在所有捕获地点的普通鲤鱼中，耳石边缘区域的铝，钡，铜，铁，钾，锂，镁，钠，磷和锶均存在显着差异。在三个育苗池中的幼鲤中，钡，铁，锂，锰和磷的含量差异显着。苗圃和非苗圃生境之间的铝，钡，铜，铁，钾，锂，钠，磷和锶显着不同。然后，我们研究了使用这些基本的耳石边缘标记来区分捕获位置以及区分活跃的和假定的苗圃栖息地的能力。二次判别分析可以将耳石分类到收集位点，准确度为54％。二次判别分析在仅限于少年鲤鱼（76％）以及将鲤鱼分类为苗圃和非育苗栖息地类型（87％）时，具有更高的准确性。耳石和水的微化学的进一步分析表明时间不稳定，表明需要在管理者使用之前收集多年的耳石库。二次判别分析在仅限于少年鲤鱼（76％）以及将鲤鱼分类为苗圃和非育苗栖息地类型（87％）时，具有更高的准确性。耳石和水的微化学的进一步分析表明时间不稳定，表明需要在管理者使用之前收集多年的耳石库。二次判别分析在仅限于少年鲤鱼（76％）以及将鲤鱼分类为苗圃和非育苗栖息地类型（87％）时，具有更高的准确性。耳石和水的微化学的进一步分析表明时间不稳定，表明需要在管理者使用之前收集多年的耳石库。