Biogas solutions typically span across several sectors, such as waste handling, energy and transport. While this can be an advantage in comparison to other alternatives, it also creates an intricate policy structure that is challenging to overview, making it difficult to evaluate consequences of different policy changes that might not be directly related to biogas. This article presents an attempt to describe the institutional conditions for biogas solutions in the EU by defining the dimensions and characteristics of policies and policy instruments influencing biogas. A five-dimensional model of biogas policies is proposed: type of policy; administrative area; administrative level; targeted part of the value chain; and continuity and change over time. This reflects the complexity of the conditions for biogas solutions and constitutes a platform for describing, discussing and developing biogas policies. From the proposed model, it becomes clear that biogas policy is a very dispersed and incoherent policy area. Thus, there is an apparent risk that the responsibility for biogas policy is diffuse and has no obvious owner among the involved actors, making the framework of biogas policies patchy and ineffective. This model can contribute to an improved overview of biogas policies, and can be used as a tool for comparing the policy landscapes in different countries.

沼气解决方案通常跨越多个领域，例如废物处理，能源和运输。尽管与其他替代方案相比这可能是一个优势，但它也创建了一个复杂的政策结构，难以进行概述，因此很难评估可能与沼气不直接相关的不同政策变更的后果。本文试图通过定义影响沼气的政策和政策工具的规模和特征来描述欧盟沼气解决方案的制度条件。提出了沼气政策的五维度模型：政策类型；行政区; 行政级别；价值链的目标部分；以及连续性和随着时间的变化。这反映了沼气解决方案条件的复杂性，并构成了描述，讨论和制定沼气政策的平台。从提出的模型中可以明显看出，沼气政策是一个非常分散且不一致的政策领域。因此，存在着明显的风险，即沼气政策的责任是分散的，并且在相关参与者之间没有明显的所有者，这使得沼气政策的框架变得零散而无效。该模型可有助于改善对沼气政策的了解，并可作为比较不同国家政策前景的工具。显然存在风险，即沼气政策的责任是分散的，并且在相关参与者之间没有明显的所有者，这使得沼气政策的框架不完整且无效。该模型可有助于改善对沼气政策的了解，并可作为比较不同国家政策前景的工具。显然存在风险，即沼气政策的责任是分散的，并且在相关参与者之间没有明显的所有者，这使得沼气政策的框架不完整且无效。该模型可有助于改善对沼气政策的了解，并可作为比较不同国家政策前景的工具。