Abstract In this study, the operating mechanism of a Knelson concentrator (KC) is analyzed by considering the concentration mechanisms of dense minerals obtained based on the feed properties, operating parameters, and design parameters of the KC bowl. The efficiency of the KC is affected by all the studied factors, i.e., the structural parameters of the ring, water flow rate, rotating speed, and gangue size distribution, which further restrict each other and act together. A concentration criterion ( X i ), which is the ratio of the settling velocity to the fluidized water flow velocity, is defined to obtain the correlation between these four key factors. Based on the mechanistic linkage provided by the aforementioned criterion, these factors affect the KC performance because they influence the concentration mechanism. This determination was obtained as follows: as the magnitude of X i increased, the concentration mechanism of the dense mineral transformed from surface plating to substitution and then to elutriation, followed by overload. In case of surface plating, the size distribution of the dense mineral in each ring was similar to that of the feed, and recovery increased gradually from ring R1 to ring R5. In case of substitution, the coarse and dense particles replaced the light particles and formed a thick concentrate layer, with high concentrate grade and tungsten recovery. In case of elutriation, the tungsten particles completely replaced the quartz particles and preferential enrichment could be observed at the bottom of the ring; in this case, the concentrate grade and recovery were the highest and the tungsten particle size was the coarsest. Further, some fine and dense particles were carried into the tailings because of the large water flow velocity.

中文翻译：

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Knelson选矿机运行机理分析

摘要 在本研究中，基于 KC 转鼓的进料特性、运行参数和设计参数，考虑获得的致密矿物的浓缩机制，分析了 Knelson 选矿机 (KC) 的运行机制。KC的效率受所有研究因素的影响，即环的结构参数、水流量、转速和脉石粒度分布，它们进一步相互制约，共同作用。定义浓度准则 (X i )，即沉降速度与流化水流速之比，以获得这四个关键因素之间的相关性。基于上述标准提供的机械联系，这些因素影响 KC 性能，因为它们影响浓缩机制。该测定结果如下：随着X i 量级的增加，致密矿物的浓缩机制从表面镀层转变为置换，然后是淘析，随后是过载。在表面电镀的情况下，每个环中致密矿物的尺寸分布与进料相似，回收率从环 R1 到环 R5 逐渐增加。在置换的情况下，粗而密的颗粒取代了轻质颗粒，形成了较厚的精矿层，精矿品位高，钨回收率高。在淘析的情况下，钨颗粒完全取代了石英颗粒，在环底部可以观察到优先富集；在这种情况下，精矿品位和回收率最高，钨粒度最粗。更多，