Abstract Incorporating renewables in the power grid has challenges in terms of the stability, reliability, and acceptable operation of the power system network. One possible solution is to integrate an energy storage system with the power network to manage unpredictable loads. The implementation of an energy storage system depends on the site, the source of electrical energy, and its associated costs and the environmental impacts. Moreover, an up-to-date database with cost numbers, energy use, and resulting emissions is required for decision-making purposes. This paper reviews the techno-economic and environmental assessments of mechanical, electro-chemical, chemical, and thermal to give an update on recent developments and generate a relevant database for costs and emissions. We reviewed 91 publications, 58 on techno-economic assessment and 33 on life cycle assessment. We found that, because of economies of scale, the levelized cost of energy decreases with an increase in storage duration. In addition, performance parameters such as round-trip efficiency, cycle life, and cycle length highly influence the final costs and environmental footprints of various storage technologies. However, further research is required to build a bottom-up model that can handle all the technical parameters to quantify the levelized cost of energy and environmental footprints of the storage systems simultaneously.

中文翻译：

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储能技术评估：综述

摘要 将可再生能源纳入电网在电力系统网络的稳定性、可靠性和可接受的运行方面面临挑战。一种可能的解决方案是将储能系统与电力网络集成以管理不可预测的负载。储能系统的实施取决于场地、电能来源及其相关成本和环境影响。此外，决策需要一个包含成本数字、能源使用和由此产生的排放的最新数据库。本文回顾了机械、电化学、化学和热的技术经济和环境评估，以提供最新发展的最新信息，并生成相关的成本和排放数据库。我们审查了 91 篇出版物，58 项关于技术经济评估和 33 项关于生命周期评估。我们发现，由于规模经济，能源的平准化成本随着储存时间的增加而降低。此外，往返效率、循环寿命和循环长度等性能参数极大地影响了各种存储技术的最终成本和环境足迹。然而，需要进一步研究建立一个自下而上的模型，该模型可以处理所有技术参数，同时量化储能系统的能源和环境足迹的平准化成本。和周期长度高度影响各种存储技术的最终成本和环境足迹。然而，需要进一步研究建立一个自下而上的模型，该模型可以处理所有技术参数，同时量化储能系统的能源和环境足迹的平准化成本。和周期长度高度影响各种存储技术的最终成本和环境足迹。然而，需要进一步研究建立一个自下而上的模型，该模型可以处理所有技术参数，同时量化储能系统的能源和环境足迹的平准化成本。