Chrysosporium-related fungi, the cause of superficial and deep mycoses, are an emerging infectious disease affecting not only reptiles but also immunocompromized humans. However, the information on Nannizziopsis arthrosporioides is extremely scarce. We herein characterized N. arthrosporioides isolated from a Cuban rock iguana (Cyclura nubila). Three skin ulcers were found in a Cuban rock iguana after captivity for 8 years. Microscopic examination revealed hyperplastic, hyperkeratotic, and ulcerative dermatitis coupled with numerous branched, septate fungal hyphae. The fungal culture yielded growth of zonate, felted cottony-powdery colonies with lobate margins on medium. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny tree based on the combined partial actin and partial β-tubulin genes demonstrated that current isolates were mostly close to N. arthrosporioides. Furthermore, antifungal susceptibility test demonstrated that N. arthrosporioides had lowest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values to isavuconazole, efinaconazole, and luliconazole, which may be the potential treatment of choice for N. arthrosporioides infection. The current study describes the first confirmed case of dermatomycosis caused by N. arthrosporioides of a captive reptile in Asia with detailed descriptions of the clinical, histopathological, and mycological features. The current findings provide new information on global distribution and host range of N. arthrosporioides and can raise the concern on the transboundary or emerging disease of N. arthrosporioides in Asian region.

金孢属相关真菌是浅表和深部真菌病的病因，是一种新出现的传染病，不仅影响爬行动物，还影响免疫功能低下的人类。然而，关于Nannizziopsis arthrosporioides的信息极其匮乏。我们本文所表征N. arthrosporioides从古巴岩石鬣蜥分离（岩鬣蜥nubila）。一只古巴岩鬣蜥在被圈养 8 年后发现了三个皮肤溃疡。显微镜检查显示增生性、角化过度和溃疡性皮炎，伴有大量分枝、有隔真菌菌丝。真菌培养产生带状、毡状棉粉状菌落，在培养基上具有裂片边缘。基于组合部分肌动蛋白和部分 β-微管蛋白基因的最大似然系统发育树表明，目前的分离株大多接近节孢子虫。此外，抗真菌药敏试验表明，关节孢子菌对艾沙康唑、依那康唑和卢立康唑具有最低的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) 值，这可能是治疗关节孢子菌的潜在治疗选择感染。目前的研究描述了亚洲首例由圈养爬行动物的关节孢子菌引起的皮肤真菌病确诊病例，并详细描述了临床、组织病理学和真菌学特征。目前的研究结果提供了关于节孢子虫全球分布和宿主范围的新信息，并可能引起对亚洲地区节孢子虫跨界或新发疾病的关注。