Based on the results of previous experiments, including some unpublished data, a general approach to the investigation of the electrode–solution interfacial region is proposed, consisting in a combined study of (i) the molecular reactivity and (ii) the properties of the medium. The first is carried out by a comparative structural analysis of products of direct electrolysis vs. homogeneous electrocatalysis with the gradual displacement of the reaction zone from the electrode surface into the bulk (the method called “near-electrode tomography,” NELTO); a number of related issues are considered. The second, in addition to the classical methods of studying the electrical double layer, involves measurements of the viscosity, of the dielectric constant, etc., using, in particular, modified atomic force microscopy techniques. By comparing the data of the NELTO on changes in molecular reactivity (“molecular effects”) with the changes in the properties of the near-electrode medium (“collective effects”), new possibilities arise for establishing the nature of phenomena in the electrode–solution interfacial area.

根据以前的实验结果，包括一些未公开的数据，提出了一种研究电极-溶液界面区域的一般方法，包括对（i）分子反应性和（ii）介质性质的组合研究。第一种是通过对直接电解与。均相电催化，反应区逐渐从电极表面移入本体（称为“近电极层析成像”的方法，NELTO）；考虑了许多相关问题。第二种方法，除了研究电双层的经典方法外，还包括特别是使用改进的原子力显微镜技术来测量粘度，介电常数等。通过将NELTO的分子反应性变化（“分子效应”）与近电极介质的特性变化（“集体效应”）的数据进行比较，为在电极中建立现象的性质提供了新的可能性–溶液界面面积。