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Diversity and distribution of cultivable fungi present in acid sulphate soils in chronosequence under para-periglacial conditions in King George Island, Antarctica
Extremophiles ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s00792-020-01195-9
Bárbara Alves Porto , Thamar Holanda da Silva , Mariana Resende Machado , Fábio Soares de Oliveira , Carlos Augusto Rosa , Luiz Henrique Rosa

We recovered 85 fungal isolates from the acid sulphate soils in chronosequence under para-periglacial conditions in King George Island, Antarctica. Thirty-two taxa belonging to the phylum Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota were identified. Mortierella amoeboidea, Mortierella sp. 2, Mortierella sp. 3, Penicillium sp. 2 and Penicillium sp. 3 dominated the sulphite soils. Despite the multi-extreme physic-chemical conditions of the sulphate soils (low pH, variable content of macro and micronutrients and organic matter), the fungal assemblages exhibited moderate diversity indices, which ranged according to the degree of soil development. Soils with more weathered and, consequently, with highest values of organic carbon shelter the most diverse fungal assemblages, which can be associated with the occurrence of sulphurisation and sulphide oxidation. Different taxa of Mortierella and Penicillium displayed broad pH (3–9) and temperature (5–35 °C) plasticity. The multi-extreme sulphite soils of Antarctica revealed the presence of moderate fungal diversity comprising cold cosmopolitan and psychrophilic endemic taxa. Among these, Mortierella and Penicillium, known to survive in extreme conditions such as low temperature and available organic matter, low pH and high concentrations of metals, might represent interesting techniques to be used in biotechnological processes such as bioleaching in metallurgy and phosphate solubilisation in agriculture.

中文翻译:

南极乔治王岛近缘时期按时间序列在酸性硫酸盐土壤中存在的可培养真菌的多样性和分布

在南极洲乔治国王岛近缘时期,我们按时间顺序从酸性硫酸盐土壤中回收了85种真菌分离株。鉴定了32个属于子囊门,担子菌门门的分类单元。被孢霉amoeboidea被孢霉属。2,Mortierella sp。3,青霉菌。2和青霉sp。3以亚硫酸盐土壤为主。尽管硫酸盐土壤具有多种极端的物理化学条件(低pH,大量和微量营养素和有机物的含量可变),但真菌组合仍表现出中等的多样性指数,该指数根据土壤的发育程度而变化。风化程度更高,因此有机碳含量最高的土壤掩盖了最多样化的真菌组合,这可能与硫化和硫化物氧化的发生有关。羊肚菌青霉的不同分类群显示出广泛的pH(3–9)和温度(5–35°C)可塑性。南极洲的多种极端亚硫酸盐土壤表明存在中等真菌多样性,其中包括寒冷的世界性和嗜好地方性分类单元。其中,已知在低温和可利用的有机物,低pH和高浓度金属等极端条件下存活的MortierellaPenicillium可能代表了可用于生物技术过程中的有趣技术,例如冶金学中的生物浸出和农业中的磷酸盐增溶。 。
更新日期:2020-08-13
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