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Mycoparasite Hypomyces odoratus infests Agaricus xanthodermus fruiting bodies in nature.
AMB Express ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-13 , DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01085-5
Kiran Lakkireddy 1, 2 , Weeradej Khonsuntia 1, 2, 3 , Ursula Kües 1, 2
Affiliation  

Mycopathogens are serious threats to the crops in commercial mushroom cultivations. In contrast, little is yet known on their occurrence and behaviour in nature. Cobweb infections by a conidiogenous Cladobotryum-type fungus identified by morphology and ITS sequences as Hypomyces odoratus were observed in the year 2015 on primordia and young and mature fruiting bodies of Agaricus xanthodermus in the wild. Progress in development and morphologies of fruiting bodies were affected by the infections. Infested structures aged and decayed prematurely. The mycoparasites tended by mycelial growth from the surroundings to infect healthy fungal structures. They entered from the base of the stipes to grow upwards and eventually also onto lamellae and caps. Isolated H. odoratus strains from a diseased standing mushroom, from a decaying overturned mushroom stipe and from rotting plant material infected mushrooms of different species of the genus Agaricus while Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies were largely resistant. Growing and grown A. xanthodermus and P. ostreatus mycelium showed degrees of resistance against the mycopathogen, in contrast to mycelium of Coprinopsis cinerea. Mycelial morphological characteristics (colonies, conidiophores and conidia, chlamydospores, microsclerotia, pulvinate stroma) and variations of five different H. odoratus isolates are presented. In pH-dependent manner, H. odoratus strains stained growth media by pigment production yellow (acidic pH range) or pinkish-red (neutral to slightly alkaline pH range).

中文翻译:

霉菌寄生菌Hypomyces odoratus侵染了自然界中的姬松茸子实体。

真菌病原菌是商业性蘑菇栽培中对农作物的严重威胁。相反,人们对其自然界中的发生和行为知之甚少。由产孢蛛网感染Cladobotryum型真菌的形态和其作为序列识别Hypomyces odoratus在原基和青年在2015年进行了观察和成熟的子实体姬松茸xanthodermus在野外。感染影响子实体发育和形态的进展。受侵害的建筑物过早老化和腐烂。真菌寄生虫通过周围的菌丝生长而趋向于感染健康的真菌结构。它们从叶柄的基部向上生长,最终也生长到薄片和盖上。隔离的H. odoratus菌株来自患病的直立蘑菇,腐烂的翻倒蘑菇菌柄以及腐烂的植物材料感染了不同种类的姬松茸蘑菇,平菇子实体有很大的抗性。生长并培养A.  xanthodermus平菇菌丝显示度靠在mycopathogen电阻的,在对比的菌丝Coprinopsis灰霉病。菌丝体的形态特征(菌落,分生孢子和分生孢子,厚垣孢子,微菌核,垫状基质)和五个不同的变化H.  odoratus分离物呈现。以pH依赖的方式H.  odoratus菌株通过黄色(酸性pH范围)或粉红色(中性至弱碱性pH范围)产生的色素使生长培养基染色。
更新日期:2020-08-13
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