Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common lethal diseases found in women; in which shortcomings of currently used treatment procedures and efficiency to target disease contribute to the increment in mortality. Despite other factors, exosomes, a major class of EVs (extracellular vesicles) also play a regulatory role in normal physiological processes and have a major function in proliferation, metastases, and resistance in BC. Interestingly, despite their role in the progression of BC, exosomes also showed their importance as a drug carrier in the targeted drug delivery. The present review aims to shed light on the role of exosomes as a potential nano-therapeutic vehicle in the targeted drug delivery for BC. Information for this review was searched from PubMed and Google Scholar mostly during the year 2019–2020 by using appropriate keywords. The exosomes have been efficiently used in cancer therapeutics where these nano vehicles having specific markers help in efficient targeted delivery of therapeutics including proteins, nucleic acid, and anti-cancer drugs to BC cells. The properties of exosomes as an efficient delivery system can be explored in the future and holds the potential to be used in other forms of cancer as well.

摘要

乳腺癌 (BC) 是女性最常见的致命疾病之一；其中当前使用的治疗程序和针对疾病的效率的缺点导致死亡率增加。尽管存在其他因素，外泌体这一主要类别的 EV（细胞外囊泡）也在正常生理过程中发挥调节作用，并在 BC 的增殖、转移和抵抗中发挥主要作用。有趣的是，尽管外泌体在 BC 的进展中发挥作用，但它们也显示出其作为靶向药物递送中药物载体的重要性。本综述旨在阐明外泌体作为潜在纳米治疗载体在 BC 靶向药物递送中的作用。这篇综述的信息主要是在 2019-2020 年期间使用适当的关键字从 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 中搜索的。外泌体已被有效地用于癌症治疗，其中这些具有特定标记的纳米载体有助于有效靶向递送包括蛋白质、核酸和抗癌药物在内的治疗药物至 BC 细胞。外泌体作为一种有效的传递系统的特性可以在未来进行探索，并且也有可能用于其他形式的癌症。