The most common pancreas-related disorders are diabetes, pancreatitis and different types of pancreatic cancers. Diabetes is a chronic condition which results from insufficient functional β-cell mass, either as a result of an autoimmune destruction of insulin producing β-cells, or as their death or de-differentiation following years of hyperactivity to compensate for insulin resistance. Chronic pancreatitis leads to cell death and can develop into diabetes or pancreatic cancer. To stimulate regeneration in such pathologies, it is of high importance to evaluate the endogenous regeneration capacity of the pancreas, to understand the conditions needed to trigger it, and to investigate the cellular and molecular regenerative responses. This short review focuses on observations made in the last 2 years on the mechanisms enhancing pancreatic cell proliferation, notably new combinations of pharmacological agents, as well as those triggering cellular conversion.

中文翻译：

---

胰腺的再生：存活细胞的增殖和细胞转化。

最常见的胰腺相关疾病是糖尿病、胰腺炎和不同类型的胰腺癌。糖尿病是一种慢性疾病，由功能性 β 细胞量不足引起，这可能是由于产生胰岛素的 β 细胞的自身免疫性破坏所致，或者是由于它们在多年过度活跃以补偿胰岛素抵抗后死亡或去分化所致。慢性胰腺炎会导致细胞死亡，并可能发展成糖尿病或胰腺癌。为了在这种病理中刺激再生，评估胰腺的内源性再生能力、了解触发它所需的条件以及研究细胞和分子再生反应非常重要。